# US 11,442,289 B2 · Apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,442,289 B2 - Document ID: US11442289B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/979,512 - Filed: 2019-03-04 - Published: 2021-01-07 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2018-03-09 - Assignees: Imec Vzw - Applicants: Imec Vzw - Inventors: Xavier Rottenberg; Kristof Lodewijks - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11442289B2 ## CPC - G02B 30/56: by projecting aerial or floating images - G02B 30/10: using integral imaging methods - G03B 21/606: for relief projection - G03B 21/608: Fluid screens - H04N 13/388: Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G03B: APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR (optical parts of such apparatus G02B; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes G03C; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials G03D) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image comprises: a light field generating unit (110), which is configured to receive an incident light beam (112) and generate a three-dimensional light field; and an image revealing medium (120), which is arranged to receive the three-dimensional light field generated by the light field generating unit (110), wherein the image revealing medium (120) comprises a fluid with bubbles or particles suspended in the fluid, wherein the bubbles or particles have a size in the range of 40-500 nm. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image, said apparatus comprising: a light field generating unit, which is configured to receive an incident light beam and generate a three-dimensional light field; and an image revealing medium, which is arranged to receive the three-dimensional light field generated by the light field generating unit, wherein the image revealing medium comprises a fluid with bubbles or particles suspended in the fluid, wherein the bubbles or particles have a size in the range of 40-500 nm, wherein the bubbles or particles cause scattering of light based on at least one of Tyndall scattering or Rayleigh scattering for forming the three-dimensional image. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bubbles or particles have a size in the range of 40-200 nm. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bubbles or particles have a size in the range of 50-150 nm. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is an aqueous liquid. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bubbles are filled with air or another gas comprising oxygen, nitrogen or carbon dioxide. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a size of the bubbles or particles and a concentration of bubbles or particles in the fluid are selected for providing an optical attenuation constant in the range of 10-200 dB/m for a wavelength of light of the light beam. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a size of the bubbles or particles and a concentration of bubbles or particles in the fluid are selected for providing an average distance between two adjacent bubbles or particles in the fluid below 200 μm. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of bubbles in the fluid is larger than 2*1014 bubbles/m3. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a container in which the image revealing medium is arranged, wherein at least a portion of a wall of the container is transparent for output of light scattered by the bubbles or particles in the fluid. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising at least one channel connected to the container for transporting the image revealing medium into and out of the container. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the image revealing medium is arranged in the container to have an increasing concentration of bubbles or particles in a direction of propagation of light of the generated light field in the container. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one calibration sensor, which is configured to receive light being transmitted through the image revealing medium for detecting an intensity of received light as a measure of attenuation of a light beam propagating through the image revealing medium. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an optical system for transferring the light field generated by the light field generating unit into the image revealing medium. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a controller unit for controlling the light field generating unit for controlling distribution of light in the three-dimensional light field output by the light field generating unit. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one light source, which is configured to generate the light beam incident on the light field generating unit. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light field generating unit comprises a plurality of cells, wherein each cell is configured to interact with a portion of an incident light beam in order to provide interaction with the portion of the incident light beam for forming the three-dimensional light field. ### Claim 17 An apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional image, said apparatus comprising: a light field generating unit, which is configured to receive an incident light beam and generate a three-dimensional light field; and an image revealing medium, which is arranged to receive the three-dimensional light field generated by the light field generating unit, wherein the image revealing medium comprises a fluid with bubbles suspended in the fluid, wherein the bubbles have a size in the range of 40-500 nm.