# US 11,441,876 B2 · Multilayered bullet resistant member, preparation method and application thereof

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- Number: US 11,441,876 B2
- Document ID: US11441876B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/689,112
- Filed: 2019-11-20
- Published: 2020-04-16
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2018-11-28
- Assignees: Jiangnan University
- Applicants: Jiangnan University
- Inventors: Kejing Yu; Shen Li; Kun Qian; Diantang Zhang; Yang Xu; Qingsheng Liu; Feng Xu
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11441876B2

## CPC

- F41H 5/0492: {Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix}
- B32B 5/024: {Woven fabric}
- B32B 5/18: characterised by features of a layer {of} foamed material
- B32B 5/245: {another layer next to it being a foam layer}
- B32B 5/26: another layer {next to it} also being fibrous or filamentary {(relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12)}
- B32B 9/005: {comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile (layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00)}
- B32B 9/046: {of foam}
- B32B 9/047: {made of fibres or filaments}
- B32B 15/14: next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B 15/20: comprising aluminium or copper {(B32B15/016 and B32B15/017 take precedence)}
- B32B 37/02: characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
- B32B 37/1018: {using only vacuum}
- B32B 37/144: {using layers with different mechanical or chemical conditions or properties, e.g. layers with different thermal shrinkage, layers under tension during bonding (constructional features for tensioning B32B38/1825)}
- B32B 37/182: {one or more of the layers being plastic}
- F41H 5/0428: {Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics}
- F41H 5/0457: {Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics}
- B32B 2250/03: 3 layers
- B32B 2255/205: Metallic coating
- B32B 2260/021: Fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B 2260/023: Two or more layers
- B32B 2260/046: Synthetic resin
- B32B 2262/0253: Polyolefin fibres
- B32B 2262/0269: Aromatic polyamide fibres
- B32B 2266/0278: Polyurethane
- B32B 2305/022: Foam
- B32B 2305/076: Prepregs
- B32B 2305/188: Woven fabrics
- B32B 2307/558: Impact strength, toughness
- B32B 2307/56: Damping, energy absorption
- B32B 2307/581: Resistant to cut
- B32B 2307/5825: Tear resistant
- B32B 2307/732: Dimensional properties
- B32B 2309/02: Temperature
- B32B 2309/04: Time
- B32B 2309/12: Pressure
- B32B 2311/00: Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B 2311/24: Aluminium
- B32B 2315/02: Ceramics
- B32B 2323/043: HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
- B32B 2363/00: Epoxy resins
- B32B 2377/00: Polyamides
- B32B 2571/02: defensive, e.g. armour plates or anti-ballistic clothing
- F41H: ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM

## Abstract

A multilayered bullet resistant member, including a three-layered structure formed of a metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer, a fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer and a two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer sequentially overlapped with each other. The integration of performances of all the components guarantees high strength, hardness and good impact toughness of the bullet resistant member.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A multilayered bullet resistant member, comprising a three-layered structure formed of a metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer, a fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer and a two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer sequentially overlapped with each other,
wherein a metal in the metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer is an aluminum alloy; a ceramic is at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride and aluminum oxide; and a thickness of the metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer is 7 mm to 9 mm.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2024 series Al—Cu—Mg, 7000 series Al—Zn, 5000 series Al—Mg and 2000 series Al—Cu.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 1, wherein the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer is prepared by compounding a high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin and an elastomer material, the high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin accounts for 25-35 wt % of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer, the elastomer material accounts for 15-20 wt % of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer; and a thickness of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer is 3.5 mm to 4.5 mm.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 3, wherein a high-performance fiber is selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, carbon fibers, poly (p-phenylene-benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fiber filaments and staple fibers; a matrix resin is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and organic silicone resin; the elastomer material is selected from the group consisting of shear thickening fluid and polyurethane foam; and a woven form of the high-performance fiber filaments is selected from the group consisting of plain, twill and satin.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer is prepared by compounding a continuous length high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin, wherein a high-performance fiber is arranged in a length direction of an impregnated fabric; a thickness of the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer is 10 mm to 12 mm.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 5, wherein the high-performance fiber is arranged in layers by one or more of aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers and poly (p-phenylene-benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 5, wherein a matrix resin is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, organic silicone resin and vinyl ester resin; and a content of the matrix resin accounts for 15-25 wt % of the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A bullet resistant body armor, a bullet resistant wall or a bullet resistant shield comprising the multilayered bullet resistant member of claim 1.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 8, wherein the aluminum alloy is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2024 series Al—Cu—Mg, 7000 series Al—Zn, 5000 series Al—Mg and 2000 series Al—Cu.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 8, wherein the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer is prepared by compounding the high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin and the elastomer material, the high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin accounts for 25-35 wt % of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer, the elastomer material accounts for 15-20 wt % of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer; and the thickness of the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer is 3.5 mm to 4.5 mm.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 10, wherein the high-performance fiber is selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, carbon fibers, PBO fiber filaments and staple fibers; the matrix resin is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and organic silicone resin; the elastomer material is selected from the group consisting of shear thickening fluid and polyurethane foam; and the woven form of the high-performance fiber filaments is selected from the group consisting of plain, twill and satin.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 8, wherein the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer is prepared by compounding the continuous length high-performance fiber impregnated matrix resin, wherein a high-performance fiber is arranged in the length direction of the impregnated fabric; the thickness of the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer is 10 mm to 12 mm.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 12, wherein the high-performance fiber is arranged in layers by one or more of aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers and poly (p-phenylene-benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The bullet resistant body armor, the bullet resistant wall or the bullet resistant shield of claim 12, wherein the matrix resin is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, organic silicone resin and vinyl ester resin; and the content of the matrix resin accounts for 15-25 wt % of the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer.

### Claim 15

A method of preparing a multilayered bullet resistant member, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer: compounding a surface pretreated ceramic material preform by adopting a ceramic preform metal solution infiltration method to obtain the metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer, wherein a content ratio of a metal to a ceramic is 1:1, a preform has a preheating temperature of 300° C.-500° C., a casting temperature of 700° C.-900° C., and a permeation pressure of 2 MPa-5 MPa;
2) preparing a fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer:
combining a high-performance fiber and an elastomer material by adopting an impregnation drying method or a foaming curing process, so as to obtain a fiber-elastomer composite material, and compounding the fiber-elastomer composite material with a matrix resin by adopting a vacuum assisted forming process to obtain the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer, wherein a curing temperature is 80° C.-150° C.;
3) preparing a two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer: respectively impregnating one or more high-performance fiber bundles and a high-performance plain woven fabric in the matrix resin, uniformly spreading the one or more high-performance fiber bundles and the high-performance plain woven fabric by using a compression roller, wherein the one or more high-performance fiber bundles are used for preparing a single UD sheet, and a content of the matrix resin is controlled to be 15-20 wt %; laying 20 layers of the single UD sheet in cross-ply at a preset mixing ratio by 0°/90° to obtain a first fabric layer, laying 4 to 6 layers of the high-performance plain woven fabric to obtain a second fabric layer, and bonding the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer together with a compounding machine and a flat plate thermocompressor to obtain the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer, and pressing under 10 MPa-20 MPa for 4 h to 5 h at a curing temperature of 80° C. to 150° C.; and
4) bonding and compounding the metal-ceramic crack arrest reflecting layer, the fiber-elastomer composite energy absorbing layer and the two-dimensional fabric blunt trauma protective layer, so as to prepare the multilayered bullet resistant member.