# US 11,441,658 B2 · Differential assembly

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- Number: US 11,441,658 B2
- Document ID: US11441658B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/507,241
- Filed: 2021-10-21
- Published: 2022-05-12
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-11-11
- Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
- Applicants: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
- Inventors: Hiroshi Isono
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11441658B2

## CPC

- B60K 1/00: Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units (B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00)
- F16H 48/36: characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
- F16H 37/0806: {with a plurality of driving or driven shafts}
- F16H 48/10: with orbital spur gears
- F16H 48/22: using friction clutches or brakes
- F16H 48/38: Constructional details (the outer casing comprising the differential and supporting input and output shafts F16H57/037)
- B60K 2001/001: {one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle}
- F16H 1/22: with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H 2001/325: {comprising a carrier with pins guiding at least one orbital gear with circular holes}
- F16H 2001/327: {with the orbital gear having internal gear teeth}
- F16H 2048/364: {using electric or hydraulic motors}
- F16H 2057/085: {Bearings for orbital gears}
- F16H 2702/02: Mechanical transmissions with planetary gearing combined with one or more other mechanical transmissions
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- F16H: GEARING

## Abstract

A downsized differential assembly having a simple structure, which can be mounted easily on automobiles. The differential assembly comprises: a first gear as an internal gear; a second gear as an external gear; a first eccentric gear as an external gear meshed with the first gear; a second eccentric gear as an internal gear meshed with the second gear; a supporting member supporting the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear; a first motion translating mechanism translating revolving motion of the first eccentric gear into rotary motion of the first rotary shaft; and a second motion translating mechanism translating revolving motion of the second eccentric gear into rotary motion of the second rotary shaft. Gear ratios between the first gear and the first eccentric gear and between the second gear and the second eccentric gear are different, and the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft are rotated in opposite directions.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A differential assembly, comprising:
a first rotary shaft and a second rotary shaft extending coaxially along a common rotational center axis while being allowed to rotate relatively to each other; and
a differential mechanism that allows the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft to rotate at different speeds,
wherein the differential mechanism comprises
a first gear that is arranged around the rotational center axis to be rotated relatively to the first rotary shaft,
a second gear that is arranged around the rotational center axis to be rotated relatively to the second rotary shaft and integrally with the first gear,
a first eccentric gear that is arranged around a first eccentric axis offset from the rotational center axis while being meshed with the first gear, in such a manner as to rotate around the first eccentric axis and revolve around the rotational center axis,
a second eccentric gear that is arranged around a second eccentric axis offset from the rotational center axis while being meshed with the second gear, in such a manner as to rotate around the second eccentric axis and revolve around the rotational center axis,
a supporting member that is arranged around the rotational center axis to support the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear in a revolvable manner around the rotational center axis, while being allowed to rotate relatively to the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft,
a first motion translating mechanism that translates a revolving motion of the first eccentric gear into a rotary motion of the first rotary shaft, and translates the rotary motion of the first rotary shaft into the revolving motion of the first eccentric gear, and
a second motion translating mechanism that translates a revolving motion of the second eccentric gear into a rotary motion of the second rotary shaft, and translates the rotary motion of the second rotary shaft into the revolving motion of the second eccentric gear, and
the first gear includes an internal gear,
the first eccentric gear includes an external gear that is meshed with the first gear from radially inner side,
the second gear includes an external gear,
the second eccentric gear includes an internal gear that is meshed with the second gear contacted thereto from radially inner side,
a gear ratio between the first gear and the first eccentric gear and a gear ratio between the second gear and the second eccentric gear are set to different values, and
the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft are rotated in opposite directions when rotated at different speeds.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a drive input member to which a drive torque is delivered from a prime mover,
wherein the drive input member is rotated integrally with the first gear and the second gear, and
the drive input member distributes the torque of the prime mover to the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
a control motor that generates a control torque; and
another supporting member supporting one of the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear in a revolvable manner, to which the control torque is delivered from the control motor,
wherein the another supporting member transmits the control torque to the one of the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear such that the one of the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear revolves around the rotational center axis,
the first eccentric gear and the second eccentric gear are rotated in opposite directions in the differential mechanism by applying the control torque to the another supporting member, and
a distribution ratio of the drive torque to the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft is changed by controlling the control torque generated by the control motor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 3, further comprising:
a speed increasing planetary gear set comprising a speed increasing sun gear, a speed increasing ring gear, and a speed increasing carrier; and
a speed reducing planetary gear set comprising a reduction sun gear, a reduction ring gear, and a reduction carrier,
wherein the speed increasing planetary gear set and the speed reducing planetary gear set are formed around the rotational center axis,
the speed increasing sun gear is fixed and not allowed to rotate,
the speed increasing carrier is rotated integrally with the drive input member,
the speed increasing ring gear is rotated at a higher speed than a rotational speed of the speed increasing carrier,
the reduction ring gear is connected to the speed increasing ring gear to be rotated integrally with the speed increasing ring gear,
the reduction carrier is rotated integrally with the another supporting member at a lower speed than a rotational speed of the reduction ring gear, and
the reduction sun gear is rotated integrally with an output shaft of the control motor, and relatively to the drive input member when the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft are rotated passively at a same speed in a same direction together with the drive input member.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 3,
wherein the differential assembly is mounted on a vehicle having a right wheel and a left wheel together with the prime mover and the control motor,
the first rotary shaft transmits a torque between one of the wheels and the first eccentric gear,
the second rotary shaft transmits a torque between the other one of the wheels and the second eccentric gear, and
the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft extend coaxially in a width direction of the vehicle.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 3,
wherein the differential assembly is mounted on a vehicle having a front wheel and a rear wheel together with the prime mover and the control motor,
the first rotary shaft transmits a torque between one of the wheels and the first eccentric gear,
the second rotary shaft transmits a torque between the other one of the wheels and the second eccentric gear, and
the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft extend coaxially in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
an engagement device that is selectively engaged to integrally rotate the drive input member and the second eccentric gear,
wherein the differential mechanism restricts a differential rotation between the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft by engaging the engagement device to rotate the drive input member and the second eccentric gear integrally.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the first motion translating mechanism comprises
a first eccentric plate in which the first eccentric gear is formed on its outer circumferential surface,
a first plate that is mounted on the first rotary shaft while being opposed to the first eccentric plate in an axial direction to be rotated integrally with the first rotary shaft,
a plurality of first reaction holes formed on the first eccentric plate along a pitch circle drawn around the first eccentric axis at regular intervals, and
a plurality of first reaction pins attached to the first plate along a pitch circle drawn around the rotational center axis at regular intervals to be inserted loosely into the first reaction holes,
the first motion translating mechanism translates a revolving motion of the first eccentric plate around the rotational center axis into a rotary motion of the first plate around the rotational center axis, and translates the rotary motion of the first plate around the rotational center axis into the revolving motion of the first eccentric plate around the rotational center axis,
the second motion translating mechanism comprises
a second eccentric plate formed integrally with a cylindrical portion in which the second eccentric gear is formed on an inner circumferential surface,
a second plate that is mounted on the second rotary shaft while being opposed to the second eccentric plate in the axial direction to be rotated integrally with the second rotary shaft,
a plurality of second reaction holes formed on the second eccentric plate along a pitch circle drawn around the second eccentric axis at regular intervals, and
a plurality of second reaction pins attached to the second plate along a pitch circle drawn around the rotational center axis at regular intervals to be inserted loosely into the second reaction holes, and
the second motion translating mechanism translates a revolving motion of the second eccentric plate around the rotational center axis into a rotary motion of the second plate around the rotational center axis, and translates the rotary motion of the second plate around the rotational center axis into the revolving motion of the second eccentric plate around the rotational center axis.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
a dual teeth eccentric member formed around the rotational center axis, that has a hollow portion formed around the first eccentric axis, and
wherein the first gear is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion,
the second gear is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the dual teeth eccentric member,
the first eccentric axis and the second eccentric axis are offset from each other, and
the first eccentric plate, the second eccentric plate, and the dual teeth eccentric member are overlapped to one another in the axial direction.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 8,
wherein a cycloid gear is adopted as the first gear, the first eccentric gear, the second gear, and the second eccentric gear,
the number of teeth z1 of the first gear, the number of teeth z2 of the first eccentric gear, the number of teeth z3 of the second gear, and the number of teeth z4 of the second eccentric gear are set such that all of the following relational expressions are satisfied:
z1=z3;
z2=z1−1; and
z4=z1+1.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the first motion translating mechanism comprises
a first output eccentric gear as an internal gear that is rotated integrally with the first eccentric gear around the first eccentric axis, and
a first output gear as an external gear that is rotated integrally with the first rotary shaft while being meshed with the first output eccentric gear from radially inner side,
the first motion translating mechanism translates a revolving motion of a unit of the first eccentric gear and the first output eccentric gear around the rotational center axis into a rotary motion of the first output gear around the rotational center axis, and translates the rotary motion of the first output gear around the rotational center axis into the revolving motion of the unit of the first eccentric gear and the first output eccentric gear around the rotational center axis,
the second motion translating mechanism comprises
a second output eccentric gear as an external gear that is rotated integrally with the second eccentric gear around the second eccentric axis, and
a second output gear as an internal gear that is rotated integrally with the second rotary shaft while being meshed with the second output eccentric gear contacted thereto from radially inner side, and
the second motion translating mechanism translates a revolving motion of a unit of the second eccentric gear and the second output eccentric gear around the rotational center axis into a rotary motion of the second output gear around the rotational center axis, and translates the rotary motion of the second output gear around the rotational center axis into the revolving motion of the unit of the second eccentric gear and the second output eccentric gear around the rotational center axis.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The differential assembly as claimed in claim 11,
wherein a cycloid gear is adopted as the first gear, the first eccentric gear, the first output gear, the first output eccentric gear, the second gear, the second eccentric gear, the second output gear, and the second output eccentric gear, and
the number of teeth z11 of the first gear, the number of teeth z12 of the first eccentric gear, the number of teeth z13 of the first output gear, the number of teeth z14 of the first output eccentric gear, the number of teeth z21 of the second gear, the number of teeth z22 of the second eccentric gear, the number of teeth z23 of the second output gear, and the number of teeth z24 of the second output eccentric gear are set such that all of the following relational expressions are satisfied:
z11=z14;
z12=z13=z11−1;
z21=z24=z11−3; and
z22=z23=z21+1.