# US 11,441,495 B2 · Systems, methods, and apparatus for operation of dual fuel engines

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- Number: US 11,441,495 B2
- Document ID: US11441495B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/030,709
- Filed: 2020-09-24
- Published: 2021-01-21
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2014-11-04
- Assignees: Cummins Inc.
- Applicants: Cummins Inc.
- Inventors: C. Larry Bruner; Phanindra V. Garimella; Geomy George; Timothy P. Lutz; J. Steven Kolhouse; Edmund P. Hodzen; Robert Charles Borregard; Mark A. Rosswurm; Axel Otto zur Loye
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11441495B2

## CPC

- F02D 19/081: {Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other}
- F02D 19/0628: {Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position}
- F02D 19/0647: {the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]}
- F02D 19/10: peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
- F02D 19/105: {operating in a special mode, e.g. in a liquid fuel only mode for starting}
- F02D 35/027: {using knock sensors}
- F02D 41/0025: {Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures}
- F02D 41/0027: {the fuel being gaseous (non-electrical control F02D19/02)}
- F02D 41/1498: {measuring engine roughness}
- F02D 41/221: {relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements}
- F02D 41/005: {according to engine operating conditions}
- F02D 2041/228: {Warning displays}
- F02D 2200/0611: Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
- Y02T 10/30: Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
- Y02T 10/40: Engine management systems
- F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W)
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Systems, methods and apparatus for controlling operation of dual fuel engines are disclosed that regulate the fueling amounts provided by a first fuel and a second fuel during operation of the engine. The first fuel can be a liquid fuel and the second fuel can be a gaseous fuel. The fueling amounts are controlled to improve operational outcomes of the duel fuel engine.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system, comprising:
an internal combustion engine having a first cylinder and a second cylinder;
a fuel system having a first fuel source comprising a diesel fuel and a second fuel source comprising a gaseous fuel, each of the first cylinder and the second cylinder operationally coupled to both the first fuel source and the second fuel source, wherein the first fuel source is coupled to the first and second cylinders with direct injectors; and
a controller configured to interpret an engine operating value indicative of a failure of at least one gaseous fuel port injector associated with the first cylinder and to provide, in response to the engine operating value, at least one first fuel source command and at least one second fuel source command to the fuel system such that the fuel system increases a first ratio of the diesel fuel to the gaseous fuel in the first cylinder (d1:g1) and decreases a second ratio of the diesel fuel to the gaseous fuel in the second cylinder (d2:g2).

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the engine operating value comprises a fuel injector tip temperature value.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The system of claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to increase the ratio d1:g1 to reduce the fuel injector tip temperature value for the injector tip in the first cylinder.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The system of claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to alternate increased diesel ratios between cylinders to reduce the fuel injector tip temperature values corresponding to the injector tips in each of the various cylinders.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to provide the first fuel source command such that the first cylinder is fully fueled with diesel.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The system of claim 5, wherein the engine operating value comprises an emissions value.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the emissions value comprises at least one value selected from the values consisting of: an aftertreatment component regeneration request, an unburned hydrocarbons value, and an exhaust temperature value.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to provide the engine operating value as a transient duty cycle value indicative of a predicted transient spike in an output of the internal combustion engine, and the controller, in response to the transient duty cycle value, proactively increases the first ratio of the diesel fuel to the gaseous fuel in the first cylinder relative to the second ratio of the diesel fuel to the gaseous fuel in the second cylinder.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to provide the transient duty cycle at least one operation selected from the operations consisting of: accepting an operator input indicating an upcoming transient, and interpreting a load schedule indicating an upcoming transient.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the engine operating value comprises a knock value.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the second ratio is decreased by an amount that maintains an overall substitution rate of gaseous fuel for diesel fuel.

### Claim 12

A method comprising:
operating a dual-fuel engine structured to selectably combust in a first cylinder and in a second cylinder a combination of liquid fuel injected by direct injectors and gaseous fuel provided to the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the system including an actuator structured to control flow of the gaseous fuel and a controller structured to control the actuator;
operating the controller to:
determine an engine operating value indicative of a failure of at least one gaseous fuel port injector associated with the first cylinder; and
control the actuator to provide, in response to the engine operating value, an increase in a first ratio of the liquid fuel to the gaseous fuel in the first cylinder (d1:g1) and a decrease in a second ratio of the liquid fuel to the gaseous fuel in the second cylinder (d2:g2).

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the engine operating value comprises a knock value.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the engine operating value comprises a fuel injector tip temperature value.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, further comprising operating the controller to increase the ratio d1:g1 to reduce the fuel injector tip temperature value for the injector tip in the first cylinder.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the engine operating value comprises an emissions value selected from the values consisting of: an aftertreatment component regeneration request, an unburned hydrocarbons value, and an exhaust temperature value.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the engine operating value is a transient duty cycle value indicative of a predicted transient spike in an output of the dual fuel engine, and the actuator is controlled to proactively increase the first ratio of the liquid fuel to the gaseous fuel in the first cylinder relative to the second ratio of the liquid fuel to the gaseous fuel in the second cylinder.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, wherein the transient duty cycle is determined by an operator input indicating an upcoming transient.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, wherein the transient duty cycle is determined by a load schedule indicating an upcoming transient.

### Claim 20 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the second ratio is decreased by an amount that maintains an overall substitution rate of gaseous fuel for liquid fuel during operation of the dual fuel engine.