# US 11,441,393 B2 · System and process for geological sequestration of carbon-containing materials

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- Number: US 11,441,393 B2
- Document ID: US11441393B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/319,636
- Filed: 2021-05-13
- Published: 2021-11-18
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-05-14
- Assignees: Charm Industrial, Inc.
- Applicants: Charm Industrial, Inc.
- Inventors: Shaun Meehan; Kelly Hering; Peter Reinhardt; Daniel Fourie
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11441393B2

## CPC

- B09B 1/008: {Subterranean disposal, e.g. in boreholes or subsurface fractures}
- E21B 41/0064: {Carbon dioxide sequestration (storing fluids in porous layers B65G5/005)}
- B65G 5/005: {in porous layers}
- E21B 49/02: by mechanically taking samples of the soil
- E21B 49/087: {Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters}
- Y02C 20/40: of CO2
- Y02E 50/10: Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
- B09B: DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- B65G: TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS (packaging B65B; handling thin or filamentary materials, e.g. paper sheets or thread, B65H; cranes B66C; portable mobile or lifting or hauling appliances, e.g. hoists, B66D; devices for lifting or lowering goods for loading or unloading purposes, e.g. fork-lift trucks, B66F9/00; emptying bottles, jars, casks, barrels or similar containers, not otherwise provided for, B67C9/00; delivering or transferring liquids B67D; filling or discharging vessels for liquefied, solidified or compressed gases F17C; pipe-line systems for fluids F17D)
- Y02C: CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method and a system for sequestering carbon-containing materials in underground wells. An example method includes: obtaining a material comprising a carbon-containing liquid; optionally testing the material for compatibility with an underground well; optionally adjusting a property of the material to improve the compatibility; and providing the material for injection into the underground well.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of sequestering carbon-containing materials, the method comprising:
obtaining a material comprising a carbon-containing liquid,
wherein the material has been subjected to a test for compatibility with an underground well,
wherein the test for compatibility comprises using a core sample for the underground well to determine a tendency for at least one of premature polymerization, auto-polymerization, phase separation, gas generation, or precipitation of solids,
wherein a property of the material has been adjusted to improve the compatibility with the underground well, and
wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises at least one of bio-oil, biocrude, or glycerol; and
providing the material for injection into the underground well.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises at least one of biodiesel, ethanol, cooking oil, vegetable oil, plant-based oil, a solution containing microbes or algae, a biomass dispersion, a biocrude byproduct, petroleum, crude oil, gasoline, or diesel.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises the bio-oil, wherein the bio-oil is derived from pyrolysis of a biomass, and wherein the biomass comprises at least one of agricultural waste, forestry residue, wood chips, sawdust, pulp, corn stover, or bagasse.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises the biocrude, wherein the biocrude is derived from hydrothermal liquefaction of a biomass, and wherein the biomass comprises at least one of agricultural waste, forestry residue, wood chips, sawdust, pulp, corn stover, bagasse, kelp, algae, food waste, human waste, or animal waste.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises at least one of the glycerol or biodiesel, wherein the at least one of the glycerol or the biodiesel is derived from transesterification of at least one of vegetable oil, cooking oil, or animal fat.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises ethanol derived from fermentation of at least one of biogenic sugars or cellulosic biomass-derived sugars.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises a dispersion of biomass particles, and wherein the biomass particles comprise at least one of agricultural waste, forestry waste, soil, processed waste, algae, microbes, kelp, human waste, or animal waste.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the underground well comprises at least one of a commercial disposal well, a salt cavern, a Class II cavern, a depleted mine, an abandoned mine, a purpose-constructed mine, or a natural cavern.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the test comprises measuring at least one of pH, viscosity, specific gravity, microbial growth potential, solids loading, tendency to auto-polymerize, or flash point.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the property comprises at least one of pH, viscosity, specific gravity, microbial growth potential, solids loading, tendency to auto-polymerize, or flash point.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the property was adjusted by at least one of filtering the material or blending the material with a different material.

### Claim 12

A system for sequestering carbon-containing materials, the system comprising:
a source for a material comprising a carbon-containing liquid,
wherein the material has been subjected to a test for compatibility with an underground well,
wherein the test for compatibility comprises using a core sample for the underground well to determine a tendency for at least one of premature polymerization, auto-polymerization, phase separation, gas generation, or precipitation of solids, and
wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises at least one of bio-oil, biocrude, or glycerol;
at least one of a blender or a filter for adjusting a property of the material to improve the compatibility with the underground well; and
at least one of a container, a pump, or a pipe for injecting the material into the underground well.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises at least one of biodiesel, ethanol, cooking oil, vegetable oil, plant-based oil, a solution containing microbes or algae, a biomass dispersion, a biocrude byproduct, petroleum, crude oil, gasoline, or diesel.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises the bio-oil, wherein the bio-oil is derived from pyrolysis of a biomass, and wherein the biomass comprises at least one of agricultural waste, forestry residue, wood chips, sawdust, pulp, corn stover, or bagasse.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises the biocrude, wherein the biocrude is derived from hydrothermal liquefaction of a biomass, and wherein the biomass comprises at least one of agricultural waste, forestry residue, wood chips, sawdust, pulp, corn stover, bagasse, kelp, algae, food waste, human waste, or animal waste.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid comprises at least one of the glycerol or biodiesel, wherein the at least one of the glycerol or the biodiesel is derived from transesterification of at least one of vegetable oil, cooking oil, or animal fat.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises ethanol derived from fermentation of at least one of biogenic sugars or cellulosic biomass-derived sugars.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the carbon-containing liquid further comprises a dispersion of biomass particles, and wherein the biomass particles comprise at least one of agricultural waste, forestry waste, soil, processed waste, algae, microbes, kelp, human waste, or animal waste.

### Claim 19 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the underground well comprises at least one of a commercial disposal well, a salt cavern, a Class II cavern, a depleted mine, an abandoned mine, a purpose-constructed mine, or a natural cavern.

### Claim 20 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, further comprising at least one measurement device for performing the test.