# US 11,441,086 B2 · Environment-friendly marine fuel

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- Number: US 11,441,086 B2
- Document ID: US11441086B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/731,602
- Filed: 2019-12-31
- Published: 2020-04-30
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2019-12-31
- Assignees: Mawetal LLC
- Applicants: Mawetal LLC
- Inventors: Mohammed Wohaibi; Tom F. Pruitt
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11441086B2

## CPC

- C10G 67/14: including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
- C10G 45/02: to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G 67/04: including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
- C10L 1/04: essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L 1/08: for compression ignition
- C10L 1/2493: {compounds of uncertain formula; reactions of organic compounds (hydrocarbons, acids, esters) with sulfur or sulfur containing compounds}
- C10G 2300/1044: Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
- C10G 2300/1048: Middle distillates
- C10G 2300/1074: Vacuum distillates
- C10G 2300/1077: Vacuum residues
- C10G 2300/202: Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
- C10G 2300/205: Metal content
- C10G 2300/207: Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN
- C10G 2300/4056: Retrofitting operations
- C10G 2300/42: Hydrogen of special source or of special composition
- C10L 2200/0415: Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
- C10L 2200/0438: Middle or heavy distillates, heating oil, gasoil, marine fuels, residua
- C10L 2200/0446: Diesel
- C10L 2230/22: for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
- C10L 2270/026: for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
- C10L 2270/04: for turbines, planes, power generation
- C10L 2270/08: for small applications, such as tools, lamp oil, welding
- C10L 2290/04: Gasification
- C10L 2290/543: Distillation, fractionation or rectification for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L 2290/544: Extraction for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- F02M 37/22: Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- H02J 2105/31: {for ships or vessels}
- Y02A 50/20: Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02E 20/18: Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- F02M: SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

For the shipping industry, these fuels provide solutions to long outstanding technical problems that heretofore hindered supply of low sulfur marine fuels in quantities needed to meet worldwide sulfur reduction goals. Marine shipping use of high sulfur bunker oils is reported as largest source of worldwide transportation SOx emissions. When ships on the open seas burn cheap low grade heavy bunker oils high in sulfur, nitrogen and metals, the SOx, NOx, and metal oxides go to the environment. This invention converts essentially all of each barrel of crude feed to a single ultraclean fuel versus conventional refining where crude feed is cut into many pieces, and each piece is sent down a separate market path meeting various different product specifications. When in port, ships can use these fuels to generate and sell electricity to land based electrical grids to offset fuel cost in an environment-friendly manner.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A fuel meeting or exceeding all ISO RMA 10 (ISO 8217-10 of 2016) specifications except said fuel having:
(a) sulfur at 0.50% m/m (wt. %) or below,
(b) flashpoint less than 60° C. and,
(c) said fuel is further characterized in that
(1) said fuel comprises range of all C3 to greater than C20 hydrocarbons of hydrocarbon feed from which said fuel was formed except (i) insolubles not soluble in solvent of solvent separation and (ii) butane and lighter compounds having carbons less than C5 if removed, and
(2) highest boiling point of said fuel is same as the highest boiling point component of said fuel soluble in a solvent suitable for solvent separation and
(3) lowest boiling point of said fuel is same as lowest boiling point of lightest component of said fuel being (c) (1) (i) C3 component or (c) (1) (ii) C5 component.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A fuel in accordance with claim 1 having density at 15° C. in range of 820 to 880 Kg/M3.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A fuel in accordance with claim 1 which comprises substantially the entire range of crude oil derived hydrocarbons from C3 or C5 to greater than C20 except insolubles not soluble in solvent of solvent separation and except butane and lighter compounds having carbons less than C5 if butane and lighter are optionally removed, said hydrocarbons having an initial boiling point being the lowest boiling point of any fraction of said crude oil at atmospheric distillation conditions which is combined in said fuel and highest boiling point being that of the highest boiling point component of any fraction of said crude oil at atmospheric distillation conditions which is soluble in a solvent suitable for solvent separation and is combined in said fuel.