# US 11,440,856 B2 · Controlled-release fertilizer compositions > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,440,856 B2 - Document ID: US11440856B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/893,360 - Filed: 2020-06-04 - Published: 2020-12-10 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2019-06-05 - Assignees: OMS Investments, Inc. - Applicants: OMS Investments, Inc. - Inventors: Kwame Owusu-Adom; Christian Baldwin - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11440856B2 ## CPC - C05G 3/44: {for affecting solubility} - A01C 21/00: Methods of fertilising {, sowing or planting} - C05C 9/005: {Post-treatment} - C05G 3/20: for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives - C05G 3/40: for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility - C05G 3/60: Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants - C05G 5/12: Granules or flakes - C05G 5/37: {layered or coated with a polymer} - C05G 5/38: {layered or coated with wax or resins} - A01M 9/00: Special adaptations or arrangements of powder-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass - C05G: MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS (organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia, or the like C05F11/08; organic fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones C05F11/10); FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM - A01C: PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING (parts, details or accessories of agricultural machines or implements, in general A01B51/00 - A01B75/00) - C05C: NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS - A01M: CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS (appliances for catching swarms or drone-catching A01K57/00; fishing A01K69/00 - {A01K99/00}; biocides, pest repellants or attractants A01N); APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS ## Abstract A controlled-release fertilizer composition includes coated fertilizer particles having granules substantially encapsulated with a polyurethane coating layer formed from a polyol composition and an isocyanate curing agent. The polyurethane coating layers include inorganic particles. Methods of making and using the controlled-release fertilizer compositions are also disclosed. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A controlled-release fertilizer composition comprising: coated fertilizer particles each comprising a granule and one or more polyurethane coating layers, wherein the one or more polyurethane coating layers substantially encapsulate the granule; and wherein the one or more polyurethane coating layers are formed from the reaction product of a hydrophobic aromatic amine polyol composition and an isocyanate curing agent; and wherein at least one of the one or more polyurethane coating layers comprises inorganic particles. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles comprises two or more polyurethane coating layers, and wherein the innermost of the two or more polyurethane coating layers includes the inorganic particles. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic particles comprise one or more of amorphous silica, clay, fumed silica, calcium carbonate, quartz, aluminum oxide, mica, calcined kaolin, wollastonite, calcite, zirconia, zircon, micaceous iron oxide, iron oxide, aluminum silicates, talc, barium sulfate, or lithopone. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles comprise one or more of a nitrogen compound, a phosphate fertilizer compound, a potash fertilizer compound, a sulfur fertilizer compound, a potassium fertilizer compound, a calcium fertilizer compound, or a metal compound. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles comprise urea. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to any claim 1 wherein the coated fertilizer particles further comprise one or more of an herbicide, an insecticide, or a fungicide. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles comprise about 1% to about 15%, by weight, of the one or more polyurethane coating layers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles comprises four polyurethane coating layers. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the coated fertilizer particles further comprises a wax coating layer surrounding the one or more polyurethane coating layers. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic amine polyol composition comprises alkylene oxide substituents and wherein the aromatic amine polyol composition further comprises a polyether polyol. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide substituents comprise one or more of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and wherein the polyether polyol comprises one or more of an ethylene oxide polyol or a propylene oxide polyol. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate curing agent comprises one or more of a polymeric isocyanate, an aromatic isocyanate, or 4,4′-methylene diphenyl isocyanate. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the polyol composition to the isocyanate curing agent is about 1:4 to about 1:1. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the one or more polyurethane coating layers comprise a catalyst selected from one of an amine-based catalyst or a metal salt catalyst. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1 has a nutrient release profile of about 30 days or greater. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) A method of fertilizing comprising applying the controlled-release fertilizer composition according to claim 1 to soil. ### Claim 17 A method of making a controlled-release fertilizer composition comprising: coating granules with a hydrophobic aromatic amine polyol composition; dispersing inorganic particles onto the polyol composition; and applying an isocyanate curing agent to the polyol composition to form a polyurethane coating layer substantially encapsulating each granule; and wherein the polyol composition is miscible with the isocyanate curing agent. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, further comprising the formation of one or more additional polyurethane coating layers to substantially encapsulate each granule. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more additional polyurethane coating layers includes inorganic particles. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, wherein the polyol composition and the isocyanate curing agent are included in about a 1:4 ratio to about a 1:1 ratio.