# US 11,440,528 B2 · Systems and methods for managing aftertreatment systems

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- Number: US 11,440,528 B2
- Document ID: US11440528B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/514,753
- Filed: 2019-07-17
- Published: 2020-01-30
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2018-07-27
- Assignees: Cummins Inc.
- Applicants: Cummins Inc.
- Inventors: Archit N. Koti; Apurva A. Chunodkar; Arun Prakash Thunga Gopal; Feng Liu; Kenneth M. Follen; Michael Haas; Pinak Jayant Tulpule; Vivek A. Sujan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11440528B2

## CPC

- B60W 20/10: Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- F01N 3/2013: {using electric or magnetic heating means}
- B60K 6/48: Parallel type
- B60W 10/06: including control of combustion engines
- B60W 10/08: including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
- B60W 10/30: including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
- B60W 20/12: using control strategies taking into account route information {(estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters B60W40/00)}
- B60W 20/16: for reducing engine exhaust emissions
- B60W 30/143: {Speed control (B60W30/16 takes precedence)}
- B60W 30/18: Propelling the vehicle
- B60W 50/0097: {Predicting future conditions}
- F01N 3/206: {Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents}
- F01N 3/2066: {Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]}
- F01N 3/208: {Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent}
- F01N 9/00: Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus (monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus F01N11/00; conjoint electrical control of two or more combustion engine functions F02D43/00)
- F02D 41/021: {Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine (conjoint control of vehicle sub-units for propelling the vehicle B60W30/18)}
- F02D 41/0235: {in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus (control of exhaust gas treating apparatus per se F01N)}
- F02D 41/1401: {characterised by the control or regulation method (F02D41/1473, F02D41/1477 take precedence)}
- B60K 6/24: characterised by the combustion engines
- B60K 2006/4825: {Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft}
- B60W 2400/00: Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60W 2510/06: Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W 2520/10: Longitudinal speed
- B60W 2556/50: of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
- B60W 2710/0666: Engine torque
- B60W 2720/10: Longitudinal speed
- B60Y 2200/92: Hybrid vehicles
- F01N 3/2033: {using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct}
- F01N 2610/02: the substance being ammonia or urea
- F01N 2610/03: the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
- F01N 2900/0601: being estimated
- F01N 2900/10: said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
- F02D 41/024: {to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus}
- F02D 41/405: {with post injections}
- F02D 2041/0265: {to decrease temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus}
- F02D 2041/1437: {Simulation}
- F02D 2200/0804: Estimation of the temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
- F02D 2200/501: Vehicle speed
- F02D 2200/701: Information about vehicle position, e.g. from navigation system or GPS signal
- F02D 2200/702: Road conditions
- F02D 2250/24: by using an external load, e.g. a generator
- F02D 2250/26: by applying a torque limit
- Y02T 10/40: Engine management systems
- Y02T 10/62: Hybrid vehicles
- B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16)
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W)
- B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A vehicle comprises an aftertreatment system configured to reduce constituents of an exhaust gas. The vehicle also includes a controller configured to determine a predicted load on the vehicle during a route, and adjust at least one of a temperature of the aftertreatment system or an amount of a reductant inserted into the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A vehicle, comprising:
an aftertreatment system configured to reduce constituents of an exhaust gas; and
a controller configured to:
receive information regarding an upcoming route of the vehicle;
determine a predicted load on the vehicle during the route based on the received information;
adjust at least one of (i) a temperature of the aftertreatment system via controlling an engine coupled to the aftertreatment system, a hydrocarbon insertion assembly, or a heater coupled to the aftertreatment system, or (ii) an amount of a reductant inserted into the aftertreatment system via controlling a reductant insertion assembly based on the predicted load; and
selectively cause engine braking so to heat the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine a predicted temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load; and
dynamically limit an engine torque of the engine of the vehicle to limit engine transients and prevent fast temperature transients or oscillations in a temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted temperature.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The vehicle of claim 2, wherein dynamically limiting the engine torque also limits ammonia slip and an amount of NOx gases included in an exhaust gas emitted from the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The vehicle of claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to:
adjust at least a reductant insertion rate of the reductant into the aftertreatment system or a fuel insertion rate of a fuel into the engine and/or aftertreatment system based on at least one of the predicted load and the predicted temperature.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine a predicted cruise speed of the vehicle;
in response to determining that the predicted cruise speed of the vehicle is active with speed modulation, pause or disable a reductant diagnostic.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The vehicle of claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a cruise speed of the vehicle based on an amount of ammonia stored in the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The vehicle of claim 1, further comprising an electromagnetic device, wherein the controller is further configured to balance a power load between the engine of the vehicle and the electromagnetic device so as to exert a predetermined load on the engine for maintaining a temperature of the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The vehicle of claim 7, further comprising a heating system operably coupled to the aftertreatment system, wherein the controller is further configured to selectively activate the heating system for maintaining the temperature of the aftertreatment system based on a current state of the aftertreatment system, a current load on the engine, and the predicted load.

### Claim 9

A system comprising:
a controller coupled to an engine and an aftertreatment system of the system, the controller configured to:
receive information regarding an upcoming route of a vehicle;
determine a predicted load on a vehicle during the route based on the received information;
adjust at least one of (i) a temperature of the aftertreatment system via controlling an engine coupled to the aftertreatment system, a hydrocarbon insertion assembly, or a heater coupled to the aftertreatment system, or (ii) an amount of a reductant inserted into the aftertreatment system via controlling a reductant insertion assembly based on the predicted load;
determine a predicted cruise operation of the vehicle based on the predicted load; and
in response to determining that the predicted cruise operation of the vehicle is active with speed modulation, pause or disable a reductant diagnostic.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine a predicted temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load; and
dynamically limit an engine torque of the engine of the vehicle to limit engine transients and prevent fast temperature transients or oscillations in a temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted temperature.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the controller is further configured to:
adjust at least a reductant insertion rate of the reductant into the aftertreatment system or a fuel insertion rate of a fuel into the aftertreatment system based on at least one of the predicted load and the predicted temperature.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a cruise speed of the vehicle based on an amount of ammonia stored in the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, further comprising an electromagnetic device, wherein the controller is further configured to balance a power load between the engine of the vehicle and the electromagnetic device so as to exert a predetermined load on the engine for maintaining a temperature of the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, further comprising a heating system operably coupled to the aftertreatment system, wherein the controller is further configured to selectively activate the heating system for maintaining the temperature of the aftertreatment system based on a current state of the aftertreatment system and a current load on the engine, and the predicted load.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to selectively cause engine braking so as to heat the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 16

A method, comprising:
determining a predicted load on a vehicle during a route, the vehicle including an aftertreatment system coupled to an engine;
adjusting at least one of a temperature of the aftertreatment system or an amount of a reductant inserted into the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load; and
selectively causing engine braking via controlling the engine so to heat the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising:
determining a predicted temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load; and
dynamically limiting an engine torque of the engine of the vehicle to limit engine transients and prevent fast temperature transients or oscillations in a temperature of the aftertreatment system based on the predicted temperature.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising:
adjusting at least a reductant insertion rate of the reductant into the aftertreatment system or a fuel insertion rate of a fuel into the engine and/or aftertreatment system based on at least one of the predicted load and the predicted temperature.

### Claim 19

A system comprising:
an electromagnetic device; and
a controller coupled to the electromagnetic device, an engine, and an aftertreatment system, the controller configured to:
determine a predicted load on at least a part of the system;
adjust at least one of a temperature of the aftertreatment system or an amount of a reductant inserted into the aftertreatment system based on the predicted load; and
balance a power load between the engine of the system and the electromagnetic device so as to exert a predetermined load on the engine for substantially maintaining a temperature of the aftertreatment system.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The system of claim 19, further comprising a heating system coupled to the aftertreatment system, wherein the controller is configured to selectively activate the heating system for maintaining the temperature of the aftertreatment system based on a current state of the aftertreatment system, a current load on the engine, and the predicted load.