# US 11,440,412 B2 · Disconnection device for a high-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle, high-voltage electrical system, and motor vehicle > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,440,412 B2 - Document ID: US11440412B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/831,305 - Filed: 2020-03-26 - Published: 2020-07-16 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2017-12-15 - Assignees: Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft - Applicants: Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft - Inventors: Michael Binder; Florian Pritscher; Wladislaw Waag - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11440412B2 ## CPC - B60L 3/04: Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions (protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H) - H02H 3/087: for DC applications - H01H 39/006: {Opening by severing a conductor} - H02H 7/22: for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices {(detecting mechanical or electrical defects in gas-insulated switchgears H02B13/065)} - B60K 6/28: characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors - B60L 2240/549: Current - B60L 2270/20: Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery - B60R 21/01: Electrical circuits for triggering {passive} safety arrangements, {e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners,} in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents {(electrical circuits for transmission of signals between steering wheel and the vehicle itself B60R16/027; for electrically actuating belt retractor locking means B60R22/343)} - B60Y 2200/91: Electric vehicles - B60Y 2200/92: Hybrid vehicles - H02H 3/033: with several disconnections in a preferential order, {e.g. following priority of the users, load repartition}(H02H3/06 takes precedence) - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - H01H: ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES (contact cables H01B7/10; electrolytic self-interrupters H01G9/18; emergency protective circuit arrangements H02H; switching by electronic means without contact-making H03K17/00) - B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES - B60R: VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY ## Abstract A disconnection device for a high-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage electrical system, includes an overcurrent protection apparatus; a first disconnecting unit which is made of a first actuatable disconnecting unit, the first disconnecting unit being designed to interrupt a current flow over the first disconnecting unit in the activated state; a second disconnecting unit which is made of a second actuatable disconnecting unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, the second disconnecting unit being designed to conduct an overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus which interrupts the current flow over the second disconnecting unit in the activated state; and a control unit which is designed to activate at least the second disconnecting unit in the event of an overcurrent and to activate at least the first disconnecting unit in the event of an overcurrent-independent event in order to separate the high-voltage line. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A disconnection device for a high-voltage on-board power system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage on-board power system, comprising: an overcurrent protection apparatus for interrupting an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line; a first disconnection unit formed by a first actuatable switch-off unit, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed to interrupt a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the activated state, a second disconnection unit formed by a second actuatable switch-off unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed to channel the overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus interrupting the flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the activated state; and a control unit that, in order to disconnect the high-voltage line, is designed to activate at least the second switch-off unit in the case of an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line and to activate at least the first switch-off unit in the case of an event independent of an overcurrent, wherein the control unit is designed to receive a signal from an accident detection device of the motor vehicle, and to detect a motor vehicle accident as the event independent of an overcurrent on the basis of the signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The disconnection device according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection apparatus is a fuse. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The disconnection device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first current measurement apparatus for recording a current value of the current flowing through the high-voltage line, wherein the control unit is designed to detect the overcurrent on the basis of the recorded current value. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The disconnection device according to claim 1, wherein the accident protection device is an airbag controller. ### Claim 5 A disconnection device for a high-voltage on-board power system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage on-board power system, comprising: an overcurrent protection apparatus for interrupting an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line; a first disconnection unit formed by a first actuatable switch-off unit, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed to interrupt a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the activated state, a second disconnection unit formed by a second actuatable switch-off unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed to channel the overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus interrupting the flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the activated state; and a control unit that, in order to disconnect the high-voltage line, is designed to activate at least the second switch-off unit in the case of an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line and to activate at least the first switch-off unit in the case of an event independent of an overcurrent, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed as a pyrotechnic switch-off unit that channels a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the deactivated state and interrupts a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in an activated state and that is able to be ignited by the control unit in order to be activated. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The disconnection device according to claim 5, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed as a pyrotechnic switch-off unit that channels a flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the deactivated state and channels a flow of current to the overcurrent protection apparatus in an activated state. ### Claim 7 A disconnection device for a high-voltage on-board power system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage on-board power system, comprising: an overcurrent protection apparatus for interrupting an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line; a first disconnection unit formed by a first actuatable switch-off unit, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed to interrupt a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the activated state, a second disconnection unit formed by a second actuatable switch-off unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed to channel the overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus interrupting the flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the activated state; and a control unit that, in order to disconnect the high-voltage line, is designed to activate at least the second switch-off unit in the case of an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line and to activate at least the first switch-off unit in the case of an event independent of an overcurrent, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed as a pyrotechnic switch-off unit that channels a flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the deactivated state and channels a flow of current to the overcurrent protection apparatus in an activated state. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The disconnection device according to claim 6, wherein the second disconnection unit has a parallel circuit comprising the overcurrent protection apparatus and the second switch-off unit and is connected in series with the first disconnection unit, the control unit is designed to activate only the first switch-off unit in the case of the event independent of an overcurrent and to activate only the second switch-off unit in the case of the overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The disconnection device according to claim 6, wherein the overcurrent protection apparatus and the first switch-off unit are connected in series and the second switch-off unit is connected in parallel with the series circuit comprising the overcurrent protection apparatus and the first switch-off unit, the control unit is designed to activate the first and the second switch-off unit in the case of the event independent of an overcurrent and to activate only the second switch-off unit in the case of the overcurrent. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The disconnection device according to claim 8, wherein the disconnection device has a second current measurement apparatus, connected in series with the overcurrent protection apparatus, for monitoring a functionality of the overcurrent protection apparatus. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The disconnection device according to claim 9, wherein the disconnection device has a second current measurement apparatus, connected in series with the overcurrent protection apparatus, for monitoring a functionality of the overcurrent protection apparatus. ### Claim 12 A disconnection device for a high-voltage on-board power system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage on-board power system, comprising: an overcurrent protection apparatus for interrupting an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line; a first disconnection unit formed by a first actuatable switch-off unit, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed to interrupt a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the activated state, a second disconnection unit formed by a second actuatable switch-off unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed to channel the overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus interrupting the flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the activated state; and a control unit that, in order to disconnect the high-voltage line, is designed to activate at least the second switch-off unit in the case of an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line and to activate at least the first switch-off unit in the case of an event independent of an overcurrent, wherein the second disconnection unit has a series circuit consisting of the overcurrent protection apparatus and the second switch-off unit, the second switch-off unit is designed as a switch that is open in a deactivated state and closed in the activated state, the first disconnection unit is connected in parallel with the second disconnection unit, and the control unit is designed to activate only the first switch-off unit in the case of the event independent of an overcurrent and to activate the second and the first switch-off unit in the case of the overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line. ### Claim 13 A disconnection device for a high-voltage on-board power system of a motor vehicle for disconnecting a high-voltage line of the high-voltage on-board power system, comprising: an overcurrent protection apparatus for interrupting an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line; a first disconnection unit formed by a first actuatable switch-off unit, wherein the first switch-off unit is designed to interrupt a flow of current through the first disconnection unit in the activated state, a second disconnection unit formed by a second actuatable switch-off unit and the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the second switch-off unit is designed to channel the overcurrent to the overcurrent protection apparatus interrupting the flow of current through the second disconnection unit in the activated state; a control unit that, in order to disconnect the high-voltage line, is designed to activate at least the second switch-off unit in the case of an overcurrent flowing through the high-voltage line and to activate at least the first switch-off unit in the case of an event independent of an overcurrent, and a discharge unit for discharging a high-voltage intermediate circuit of the high-voltage on-board power system, which discharge unit is electrically connected to the overcurrent protection apparatus and is able to be electrically connected to the high-voltage intermediate circuit via the overcurrent protection apparatus, wherein the disconnection device, in the activated state of the discharge unit, is designed to form a discharge path through the overcurrent protection apparatus and the discharge unit. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The disconnection device according to claim 13, wherein the control unit is designed to additionally activate the discharge unit in the case of the event independent of an overcurrent. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The disconnection device according to claim 13, wherein the discharge unit has a series circuit comprising a switch-on unit and a discharge resistor, wherein the switch-on unit, in the activated state, in order to form the discharge path, is designed to electrically connect the high-voltage intermediate circuit to the discharge resistor via the overcurrent protection apparatus. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The disconnection device according to claim 15, wherein the switch-on unit is designed as a pyrotechnic switch-on unit. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A high-voltage on-board power system for a motor vehicle, comprising: at least one high-voltage line in order to electrically connect high-voltage components of the high-voltage on-board power system; and at least one disconnection device according to claim 1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) A motor vehicle comprising a high-voltage on-board power system according to claim 17.