# US 11,439,998 B2 · Methods of treating and sulfiding hydroconversion catalysts

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- Number: US 11,439,998 B2
- Document ID: US11439998B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/633,990
- Filed: 2018-07-25
- Published: 2020-07-09
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2017-07-26
- Assignees: Chem32, LLC
- Applicants: Chem32, LLC
- Inventors: Soren Marklund; Douglas G. Wene
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11439998B2

## CPC

- B01J 23/92: of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J 38/56: Hydrocarbons
- B01J 23/94: of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J 38/10: using elemental hydrogen
- C10G 45/08: in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
- B01J 21/04: Alumina
- B01J 21/063: {Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof}
- B01J 21/08: Silica
- C10G 11/04: Oxides
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES

## Abstract

Methods of treating hydroconversion catalysts used for cracking of hydrocarbons are described. A method can include mixing an inactive hydroconversion catalyst with a solid hydrocarbon containing material having a melting point of 50° C. or greater. The inactive hydroconversion catalyst/solid hydrocarbon containing material mixture can be contacted with a gaseous stream that includes hydrogen (H2) and a sulfur-containing compound under conditions sufficient to sulfide the catalyst and carbonize at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing material on the sulfided catalyst to obtain a treated sulfided hydroconversion catalyst.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of treating a hydroconversion catalyst, the method comprising:
(a) combining an inactive hydroconversion catalyst with a solid hydrocarbon containing material having a melting point of 50° C. or greater to produce an unsulfided hydroconversion catalyst/solid hydrocarbon containing material mixture; and
(b) sulfiding the inactive hydroconversion catalyst by contacting the unsulfided hydroconversion catalyst/solid hydrocarbon containing material mixture with a gaseous stream comprising hydrogen (H2) and a sulfur containing compound at a temperature sufficient to sulfide the inactive hydroconversion catalyst and carbonize at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing material on the sulfided inactive hydroconversion catalyst to obtain a treated sulfided hydroconversion catalyst.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the inactive hydroconversion catalyst in step (a) is at a temperature lower than the melting point of the solid hydrocarbon containing material at the time the inactive hydroconversion catalyst is contacted with the solid hydrocarbon containing material.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, further comprising heating the mixture to a temperature sufficient to melt the solid hydrocarbon containing material.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the melted hydrocarbon containing material coats the surface of the pores of the unsulfided inactive hydroconversion catalyst.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein a temperature difference between the inactive hydroconversion catalyst and the melting point of the solid hydrocarbon containing material is 10° C. to 90° C.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the inactive hydroconversion catalyst in step (a) is at a temperature greater than the melting point of the solid hydrocarbon containing material at the time the inactive hydroconversion catalyst is contacted with the solid hydrocarbon containing material.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the melting point of the solid hydrocarbon containing material is 50° C. to 150° C.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the solid hydrocarbon containing material is a paraffin wax, a microcrystalline wax, a synthetic wax, an animal wax, a plant wax or blends thereof.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the paraffin wax has a melting point of 60° C. to 100° C.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein mixing step (a) comprises contacting the inactive hydroconversion catalyst with 5 wt. % to 25 wt. % of the solid hydrocarbon containing material based on the total weight of the inactive hydroconversion catalyst and the solid hydrocarbon containing material.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature sufficient to sulfide the catalyst and carbonize at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing material on the inactive hydroconversion catalyst is 175° C. to 500° C.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous sulfur containing compound is hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S).

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous stream comprises 1% to 10% by volume of the sulfur containing compound, and at least 0.5% by volume of H2.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the produced treated sulfided hydroconversion catalyst comprises 2 wt. % to 15 wt. % carbon produced from the carbonization.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the produced treated sulfided hydroconversion catalyst comprises 2 wt. % to 25 wt. % sulfur.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the inactive hydroconversion catalyst comprises at least one catalytically active transition metal or oxide thereof.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the catalytic metal is supported on a metal oxide support.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, wherein the catalytic metal is supported on alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2), or silica (SiO2).

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) and step (b) are performed ex-situ of a hydroconversion processing unit.

### Claim 20 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) and step (b) are performed in-situ in a hydroconversion processing unit.