# US 11,439,355 B2 · Perturbation-injection-locked physiological signal sensor

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- Number: US 11,439,355 B2
- Document ID: US11439355B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/851,443
- Filed: 2020-04-17
- Published: 2021-08-12
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-02-10
- Assignees: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Applicants: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Inventors: Chao-Hsiung Tseng; Cheng-Zhou Wu
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11439355B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/7228: {Signal modulation applied to the input signal sent to patient or subject; Demodulation to recover the physiological signal}
- A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B 5/02427: {Details of sensor}
- A61B 5/6824: {Arm or wrist}
- A61B 5/6826: {Finger}
- A61B 5/7225: {Details of analogue processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation (input circuits for detecting, measuring, or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/30; specific diagnostic methods using bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/316)}
- A61B 5/0816: {Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency (measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00)}
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

A physiological signal sensor, comprising a self-oscillating complementary split-ring resonator (SO-CSRR), a demodulator and a microcontroller (MCU). The SO-CSRR detects a physiological signal and outputs a modulated signal, the demodulator receives the modulated signal and outputs a pulse physiological signal, the baseband amplifier receives the pulse physiological signal and outputs an amplified pulse physiological signal, and the MCU receives the amplified pulse physiological signal and outputs a digital signal.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A physiological signal sensor, comprising:
a self-oscillating complementary split-ring resonator (SO-CSRR) element, configured to detect a physiological signal and output a modulated signal;
a demodulator electrically connected with the SO-CSRR element;
a baseband amplifier electrically connected with the demodulator; and
a microcontroller (MCU) electrically connected with the baseband amplifier;
wherein the demodulator receives the modulated signal and outputs a pulse physiological signal, the baseband amplifier receives the pulse physiological signal and outputs an amplified pulse physiological signal, and the MCU receives the amplified pulse physiological signal and outputs a digital signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the SO-CSRR element includes a complementary split-ring resonator and a bipolar transistor radio frequency amplifier.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the demodulator is an amplitude demodulator.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 3, wherein the demodulator includes a microwave differentiator and an envelope detector.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the demodulator is a frequency demodulator.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 5, wherein the demodulator includes a frequency divider, a phase detector and a charge pump.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 6, wherein the physiological signal sensor further includes a loop filter.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the MCU further includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the digital signal is wirelessly transmitted, and is received by an electronic device.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The physiological signal sensor of claim 1, wherein the physiological signal is measured from a wrist or a finger.