# US 11,432,772 B2 · Systems and methods for replacing signal artifacts in a glucose sensor data stream > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,432,772 B2 - Document ID: US11432772B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/000,748 - Filed: 2018-06-05 - Published: 2018-10-11 - Granted: 2022-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2006-08-02 - Assignees: DexCom, Inc. - Applicants: DexCom, Inc. - Inventors: Apurv Ullas Kamath; Aarthi Mahalingam; Ying Li; Mohammad Ali Shariati; James H. Brauker; Mark C. Brister; Robert Boock - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11432772B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/7203: {for noise prevention, reduction or removal} - A61B 5/14532: {for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement} - A61B 5/14539: {for measuring pH} - A61B 5/14865: {invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors} - A61B 5/1495: Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes - A61B 5/6848: {Needles} - A61B 5/725: {using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters (specific diagnostics methods using using bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/316)} - A61B 5/743: {Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots} - A61B 5/7475: {User input or interface means, e.g. keyboard, pointing device, joystick} - A61B 5/01: Measuring temperature of body parts {; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue} (clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20) - A61B 5/145: Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value {; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue} (non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B5/06) - A61B 5/7257: {using Fourier transforms} - A61B 5/726: {using Wavelet transforms} - Y02A 90/10: Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ## Abstract Systems and methods for detecting noise episodes and processing analyte sensor data responsive thereto. In some embodiments, processing analyte sensor data includes filtering the sensor data to reduce or eliminate the effects of the noise episode on the signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of using an analyte sensor, the method comprising: receiving data from the analyte sensor with a hardware processor, the data comprising at least one sensor data point; filtering the received data with the hardware processor to generate filtered data; determining with the hardware processor whether a signal artifact event has occurred based on comparing the received data with the filtered data to obtain at least one residual; selectively applying at least one of a plurality of signal estimation algorithms to the received data with the hardware processor based at least in part upon the determining whether the signal artifact event has occurred; replacing at least a portion of the received data with the hardware processor to generate modified received data, the replacing based on the selective application of the at least one of the plurality of signal estimation algorithms; processing the modified received data with the hardware processor to generate processed data, wherein the processing is based at least in part upon whether the signal artifact event has occurred; and determining an estimated analyte value with the hardware processor using the processed data. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the signal artifact event is determined to have occurred based on the at least one residual exceeding a threshold value. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, further comprising determining whether a second signal artifact event has occurred based on the at least one residual exceeding a second threshold value. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the signal artifact event is determined to have occurred based on the at least one residual exceeding a threshold value for a predetermined period of time or for a predetermined amount of data. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein determining whether the signal artifact event has occurred further comprises determining whether a predetermined number of residuals exceeds a threshold over a predetermined period of time, or whether a predetermined amount of data exceeds a threshold. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the signal artifact event has occurred further comprises determining a differential between a first of the at least one residuals at a first time point and a second of the at least one residuals at a second time point. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein determining whether the signal artifact event has occurred further comprises determining whether a predetermined number of differentials exceeds a threshold over a predetermined period of time, or whether an amount of data exceeds a threshold. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving reference data from a reference analyte monitor, the reference data including at least one reference data point. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising determining a reliability of the received data. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising matching the reference data to substantially time corresponding received data to form a matching data pair, wherein the reference data is matched if the signal artifact event is determined to have not occurred. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising including the reference data in a calibration factor for use in calibrating the analyte sensor, wherein the reference data is included if the signal artifact event is determined to have not occurred. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising prompting a user for a reference analyte value, wherein prompting is conducted if the signal artifact event is determined to have not occurred. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying a graphical representation of the processed data. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying a graphical representation of the filtered data. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein displaying the graphical representation of the filtered data is conducted if the signal artifact event is determined to have occurred. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising utilizing the residual to modify the filtered data. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising deriving a differential of the residual by calculating a first derivative of the residual. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein further comprising utilizing the differential to modify the filtered data. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising compensating for a time lag. ### Claim 20 A method of using an analyte sensor, the method comprising: receiving data from the analyte sensor with a hardware processor, the data comprising at least one sensor data point; filtering the received data with the hardware processor to generate filtered data; determining, with the hardware processor, whether a signal artifact event has occurred based on comparing the received data with the filtered data to obtain at least one residual; converting the at least one sensor data point into at least one estimated analyte value with the hardware processor, wherein the converting is based at least in part upon whether the signal artifact event has occurred; and transmitting the at least one estimated analyte value to a receiver. ### Claim 21 A method of using an analyte sensor, the method comprising: receiving data from the analyte sensor with a hardware processor, the data comprising at least one sensor data point; filtering the received data with the hardware processor to generate filtered data; determining with the hardware processor whether a signal artifact event has occurred based on comparing the received data with the filtered data to obtain at least one residual; and deriving a differential of the at least one residual with the hardware processor at least in part by calculating a first derivative of the residual; modifying the filtered data with the hardware processor by adding the differential into the filtered data based at least in part upon the determining whether a signal artifact event has occurred; determining with the hardware processor an estimated analyte value based on the modified filtered data; and displaying, on a display, a graphical representation of the estimated analyte value.