# US 11,432,722 B2 · Systems and methods of integrating ambulatory medical devices

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- Number: US 11,432,722 B2
- Document ID: US11432722B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/862,752
- Filed: 2020-04-30
- Published: 2020-08-13
- Granted: 2022-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 2016-03-30
- Assignees: ZOLL Medical Corporation
- Applicants: ZOLL Medical Corporation
- Inventors: Gary A. Freeman; Suzanne Crowell; Shane S. Volpe
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11432722B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/0022: {Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet}
- A61B 5/01: Measuring temperature of body parts {; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue} (clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20)
- A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B 5/02055: {Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature}
- A61B 5/1118: {Determining activity level}
- A61B 5/14551: {for measuring blood gases}
- A61B 5/332: Portable devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B 5/746: {Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms}
- A61H 31/005: {with feedback for the user}
- A61H 31/007: {Manual driven}
- A61N 1/3904: {External heart defibrillators [EHD]}
- A61N 1/3925: {Monitoring; Protecting}
- G16H 40/63: for local operation
- G16H 40/67: for remote operation
- G16H 50/20: for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
- G16H 50/30: for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
- A61B 5/08: Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B 5/6831: {Straps, bands or harnesses}
- A61H 2201/1253: driven by a human being, e.g. hand driven
- A61H 2201/1619: Thorax
- A61H 2201/165: Wearable interfaces
- A61H 2201/5012: using the internet
- A61H 2201/5015: using specific interfaces or standards, e.g. USB, serial, parallel
- A61H 2201/5084: Acceleration sensors
- A61H 2230/04: Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. E.G.C., blood pressure modulation
- A61H 2230/06: Heartbeat rate
- A61N 1/046: {Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation}
- A61N 1/0484: {Garment electrodes worn by the patient}
- A61N 1/3625: {External stimulators}
- A61N 1/3993: {User interfaces for automatic external defibrillators}
- H04W 4/80: Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
- H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A61H: PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY (electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, radiation therapy or ultrasound therapy A61N)
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)
- G16H: HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

An ambulatory medical device is provided. The ambulatory medical device includes at least one sensor configured to acquire physiological data of a patient, at least one network interface and at least one processor coupled to the at least one sensor and the at least one network interface. The at least one processor is configured to detect, via the at least one network interface, a medical device, to establish a secure communication session with the medical device via the at least one network interface, to detect a data capacity of the secure communication session, to identify a category of patient data associated with the data capacity, and to transmit patient data of the category to the medical device via the secure communication session.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system of medical devices comprising:
an external ambulatory medical device comprising one or more network interfaces and at least one sensor configured to acquire electrocardiogram (ECG) data of a patient; and
a hospital medical device comprising at least one network interface and at least one processor coupled to the at least one network interface, the at least one processor being configured to
detect, via the at least one network interface, the external ambulatory medical device in response to the external ambulatory medical device entering a predefined range of the hospital medical device,
determine whether the external ambulatory medical device is a trusted medical device,
establish a secure communication session with the external ambulatory medical device via the at least one network interface upon determining that the external ambulatory medical device is a trusted medical device,
receive patient summary data via the secure communication session, and
process the patient summary data.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the at least one processor being configured to request, in response to processing the patient summary data, detailed data upon which the patient summary data is based from the external ambulatory medical device via the secure communication session.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the external ambulatory medical device comprising one or more processors configured to limit transmission of patient data at least in part by calculating the patient summary data, transmitting the patient summary data to the hospital medical device, receiving a request for detailed data, and transmitting, in response to receiving the request, the detailed data to the hospital medical device.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the at least one processor being configured to receive the electrocardiogram data and to process the electrocardiogram data to generate the patient summary data.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the hospital medical device comprising a user interface coupled to the at least one processor and the at least one processor being configured to:
display, on a screen of the user interface, data originated by the hospital medical device; and
display, on the screen of the user interface, data originated by the external ambulatory medical device.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the hospital medical device comprising at least one of a defibrillator, a temperature management system, a ventilator, a resuscitation system, and a telemetry system.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the hospital medical device further comprising a user interface coupled to the at least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to:
receive input via the user interface;
generate instructions to execute a diagnostic protocol based on the input; and
transmit the instructions to the external ambulatory medical device.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The system of medical devices of claim 7, the instructions to execute the diagnostic protocol comprising one or more of instructions to prompt the patient to perform a physical test, instructions to treat the patient, and instructions to issue an alert.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the at least one processor being configured to determine whether the external ambulatory medical device is within a predefined range of the hospital medical device based on at least one of a Wi-Fi signal strength, a BLUETOOTH signal strength, and a near field communication signal strength.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of medical devices of claim 1, the at least one sensor comprising one or more of an ECG sensor, a motion sensor, an audio sensor, a respiratory sensor, and a temperature sensor.

### Claim 11

An ambulatory medical device configured to acquire physiological data for a patient wearing the ambulatory medical device, the device comprising:
at least one sensor configured to couple to the patient and to acquire physiological signals from the patient;
at least one network interface; and
at least one processor coupled to the at least one sensor and the at least one network interface and configured to
determine physiological data for the patient from the acquired physiological signals,
detect, via the at least one network interface, an external medical device in response to the ambulatory medical device entering a predefined range of the external medical device,
determine whether the external medical device is a trusted medical device,
establish a secure communication session with the external medical device via the at least one network interface upon determining that the external medical device is a trusted medical device,
generate patient data comprising at least a portion of the patient physiological data, and
transmit the generated patient data to the external medical device via the secure communication session.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the patient data comprising data descriptive of one or more of activity of the patient, compliance of the patient, body position of the patient, at least one electrocardiogram (ECG) reading of the patient, at least one heart sound of the patient, respiration of the patient, blood oxygen level of the patient, demographics of the patient, and medical history of the patient.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the at least one sensor comprising one or more of an ECG sensor, a motion sensor, an audio sensor, a respiratory sensor, and a temperature sensor.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the at least one processor being configured to:
detect a data capacity of the secure communication session; and
determine a category of information to transmit to the external medical device based upon the detected capacity.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 14, the determined category of information to transmit comprising summary information, and the patient data comprising a summary based on the physiological data, the summary comprising one or more of a heart rate of the patient, a heartbeat of the patient, an arrhythmia determination regarding the patient, and an arrhythmia detection alert regarding the patient.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the at least one processor being configured to determine whether the medical device is within the predefined range of the external medical device based on at least one of a Wi-Fi signal strength, a BLUETOOTH signal strength, and a near field communication signal strength.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the at least one processor being configured to receive instructions to execute a diagnostic protocol from the external medical device and to execute the diagnostic protocol.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 17, the instructions to execute the diagnostic protocol comprising one or more of instructions to prompt the patient to perform a physical test, instructions to treat the patient, and instructions to issue an alert.

### Claim 19 (depends on 11)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 11, the at least one processor being configured to receive instructions within the secure communication session to transmit the patient data to a programmable device distinct from the external medical device and the ambulatory medical device.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The ambulatory medical device of claim 19, the programmable device comprising at least one of a mobile computing device, a remote server, and a hospital data system.