Flame triggered and controlled volumetric ignition

A system for igniting a mixture in an internal combustion engine, the system comprising:

• an igniter;
• a main combustion chamber having a peripheral wall defining a center axis and comprising an elongate cylindrical chamber having a cylindrical wall, a piston of the internal combustion engine with a face at a first end, a cylinder head at a second end opposite the first end, an ovoid bowl defined in the face of the piston and having an ovoid bowl wall that is at least partly curved or angled defining a center of the ovoid bowl, and a portion of the ovoid bowl wall adjacent the face is obtuse to the face, and a gap defined between the cylinder head, the face of the piston, and the cylindrical wall;
• a pre-combustion chamber centered on the center axis and enclosing a portion of the igniter;
• a plurality of passages in a wall of the pre-combustion chamber, each passage fluidly connecting the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber and having a jet aperture proximal to the cylinder head away from the center of the ovoid bowl and configured to direct fluid flow from the passage along a periphery of the cylinder head toward the gap and the peripheral wall more laterally than axially, wherein a portion of the wall of the pre-combustion chamber extends into the ovoid bowl, and the portion of the ovoid bowl extends circumferentially around a portion of the wall of the pre-combustion chamber when the piston is configured proximal a top dead center position.

An internal combustion engine comprising:

• an igniter;
• a main combustion chamber having a peripheral wall defining a center axis and comprising an elongate cylindrical chamber having a cylindrical wall, a piston of the internal combustion engine with a face at a first end, a cylinder head at a second end opposite the first end, an ovoid bowl defined in the face of the piston and having an ovoid bowl wall that is at least partly curved or angled defining a center of the ovoid bowl, and a portion of the ovoid bowl wall adjacent the face is obtuse to the face, and a gap defined between the cylinder head, the face of the piston, and the cylindrical wall;
• an enclosure receiving the igniter, the enclosure defining a pre-combustion chamber centered on the center axis and enclosing a portion of the igniter;
• and a plurality of passages in a wall of the pre-combustion chamber, each passage fluidly connecting the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber and having a jet aperture proximal to the cylinder head away from the center of the ovoid bowl and configured to direct fluid flow from the passage along a periphery of the cylinder head toward the gap and the peripheral wall more laterally than axially, wherein a portion of the wall of the pre-combustion chamber extends into the ovoid bowl, and the portion of the ovoid bowl extends circumferentially around a portion of the wall of the pre-combustion chamber when the piston is configured proximal a top dead center position.