A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-executable code that, upon execution by one or more computer processors, implements a method comprising:
- (a) directing electromagnetic waves having a random spatial distribution of amplitudes or phases towards an object;
- (b) detecting scattered electromagnetic waves generated by the object scattering the radiated electromagnetic waves;
- (c) forming an image of the object from scattered electromagnetic waves;
- and
- (d) generating information indicating at least a phase and an amplitude of the electromagnetic waves scattered by the object based at least in part on the image of the object and a radiation pattern of the electromagnetic waves radiating the object.