Encoding method, decoding method, and apparatus

A point cloud data decoding apparatus, comprising:

• a memory storing instructions;
• and
• a processor coupled to the memory to execute the instructions to:
• parse a bitstream to obtain X groups of auxiliary information differences between auxiliary information of X first patches and auxiliary information of X reference patches that match the X first patches, wherein X represents a quantity of first patches in a current frame that includes M first patches, wherein X is less than M, and wherein both X and M are positive integers;
• obtain the auxiliary information of the X reference patches, wherein the reference patches are comprised in a reference frame of the current frame;
• obtain the auxiliary information of X first patches in the current frame based on the X groups of auxiliary information differences and the auxiliary information of the X reference patches;
• wherein each auxiliary information difference comprises at least one of the following:
• a difference between a height of a first patch in an occupancy map and a height of a reference patch in the occupancy map;
• and
• a difference between a width of the first patch in the occupancy map and a width of the reference patch in the occupancy map.