Coordinated voltage control and reactive power regulation between transmission and distribution systems

A sub-transmission system comprising:

• a sub-transmission controller configured to:
• receive, from an energy management system, operational set points of the sub-transmission system;
• determine, based on the operational set points, virtual power plant requirements for a distribution system that minimize voltage deviations and system losses using weighted multi-objective optimization;
• send, to a distribution controller of a distribution system, the virtual power plant requirements to achieve the operational set points of the sub-transmission system;
• receive, from the distribution controller of the distribution system, future virtual power plant capacity of the distribution system;
• and
• store the future virtual power plant capacity of the distribution system for determining future virtual power plant requirements for the distribution system that minimize voltage deviations and system losses during subsequent operational intervals using weighted multi-objective optimization.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, configure a sub-transmission controller of a sub-transmission system to:

• receive, from an energy management system, operational set points of the subs-transmission system;
• determine, based on the operational set points, virtual power plant requirements for a distribution system that minimize voltage deviations and system losses using weighted multi-objective optimization;
• send, to a distribution controller of a distribution system, the virtual power plant requirements to achieve the operational set points of the sub-transmission system;
• receive, from the distribution controller of the distribution system, future virtual power plant capacity of the distribution system;
• and
• store the future virtual power plant capacity of the distribution system for determining future virtual power plant requirements for the distribution system that minimize voltage deviations and system losses during subsequent operational intervals using weighted multi-objective optimization.

A method performed by a distribution system for coordinating volt-var control with a sub-transmission system, the method comprising:

• receiving, by a distribution controller of the distribution system and from a sub-transmission controller of the sub-transmission system, virtual power plant requirements of the sub-transmission system;
• controlling, by the distribution controller, based on the virtual power plant requirements, one or more distributed energy resources of the distribution system to minimize voltage deviations and system losses using weighted multi-objective optimization;
• responsive to controlling the one or more distributed energy resources, determining, by the distribution controller, future virtual power plant capacity of the one or more distributed energy resources;
• and
• sending, by the distribution controller and to the sub-transmission controller, the future virtual power plant capacity.

A distribution system comprising:

• one or more distributed energy resources;
• and
• a distribution controller configured to:
• receive, from a sub-transmission controller of a sub-transmission system, virtual power plant requirements of the sub-transmission system;
• control, based on the virtual power plant requirements, the one or more distributed energy resources of the distribution system to minimize voltage deviations and system losses using weighted multi-objective optimization;
• responsive to controlling the one or more distributed energy resources, determining future virtual power plant capacity of the one or more distributed energy resources;
• and
• sending, to the sub-transmission controller, the future virtual power plant capacity.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, configure a distribution controller of a distribution system to:

• receive, from a sub-transmission controller of a sub-transmission system, virtual power plant requirements of the sub-transmission system;
• control, based on the virtual power plant requirements, one or more distributed energy resources of the distribution system to minimize voltage deviations and system losses using weighted multi-objective optimization;
• responsive to controlling the one or more distributed energy resources, determining future virtual power plant capacity of the one or more distributed energy resources;
• and
• sending, to the sub-transmission controller, the future virtual power plant capacity.