# US 11,381,054 B2 · Avoiding mode instability in an optical amplifier fiber > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,381,054 B2 - Document ID: US11381054B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/631,867 - Filed: 2018-07-17 - Published: 2020-05-14 - Granted: 2022-07-05 - Earliest claimed: 2017-07-17 - Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena - Applicants: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V.; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena - Inventors: Christoph Stihler; César Jáuregui Misas; Jens Limpert; Andreas Tünnermann - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11381054B2 ## CPC - H01S 3/067: Fibre lasers - H01S 3/06754: {Fibre amplifiers (H01S3/06708 takes precedence)} - G02B 6/14: Mode converters - G02B 6/34: utilising prism or grating {(G02B6/293 takes precedence)} - H04B 10/2543: due to fibre non-linearities, e.g. Kerr effect - H04B 10/2581: Multimode transmission - H01S: DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract The invention relates to a method for stably transmitting laser radiation through an optical waveguide (3), wherein two or more modes of the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) interfere and form a mode interference pattern in the optical waveguide, as a result of which a thermally induced refractive index grating is produced in the optical waveguide (3). It is an object of the invention to demonstrate an effective approach for stabilizing the output signal of the optical waveguide (3) in a fiber-based laser/amplifier combination at high output powers, i.e. for avoiding mode instability. The invention achieves this object by virtue of the fact that a relative spatial phase shift between the mode interference pattern and the thermally induced refractive index grating is set in the direction of propagation of the laser radiation. In addition, the invention relates to a laser/amplifier combination comprising a laser (1) and an optical waveguide (3) in the form of an amplifier fiber, wherein the optical waveguide (3) amplifies the radiation of the laser (1) propagating therein. The invention proposes an actuating element (7), which produces a predefinable relative spatial phase shift of the mode interference pattern and of the thermally induced refractive index grating in the direction of propagation of the laser radiation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Method for transmitting laser radiation through an optical waveguide (3), wherein two or more modes of the laser radiation propagating along a propagation direction in the optical waveguide (3) interfere and form a mode interference pattern in the optical waveguide, as a result of which a thermally induced refractive index grating is produced in the optical waveguide (3), wherein a relative spatial phase shift between the mode interference pattern and the thermally induced refractive index grating is set in the propagation direction such that an energy transfer between the modes of the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide takes place in a direction of a fundamental mode of said modes. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative spatial phase shift is constant over time. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser radiation is coupled into the optical waveguide (3) in burst operation, wherein a repetition frequency of bursts in the laser radiation bursts is 50 Hz to 30 kHz. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative spatial phase shift is set by virtue of a propagation of the mode interference pattern along the propagation direction. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) Method according to claim 4, wherein said mode interference pattern is a travelling mode interference pattern, wherein the laser radiation transmitted through the optical waveguide (3) comprises at least two transverse modes which have different central frequencies and which effect. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the difference in the central frequencies of the at least two transverse modes is not more than 50 kHz. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the laser radiation transmitted through the optical waveguide (3) has an intensity and phase profile that is variable over time in a cross-section thereof. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical waveguide (3) is optically pumped, as a result of which the laser radiation is amplified during propagation through the optical waveguide (3). ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical waveguide (3) is doped with rare earth ions. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) is amplified by inelastic scattering effects. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) is amplified by an optical parametric process. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser radiation is coupled into the optical waveguide (3) in burst operation, wherein a repetition frequency of bursts in the radiation is 200 Hz to 10 kHz. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) is amplified by Raman or Brillouin scattering. ### Claim 14 Laser/amplifier combination comprising: a laser (1) configured to emit laser radiation, an optical waveguide (3) being an amplifier fiber configured to amplify the laser radiation propagating therein along a propagation direction, wherein two or more modes of the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) interfere and form a mode interference pattern in the optical waveguide (3), as a result of which a thermally induced refractive index grating is produced in the optical waveguide (3), and an actuating element (7), which produces a predefinable relative spatial phase shift of the mode interference pattern and of the thermally induced refractive index grating in the propagation direction, in such a way that an energy transfer takes place between the modes of the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) in a direction of a fundamental mode of said modes.