Automatically generating speech markup language tags for text

One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media embodying instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

• access a plurality of text;
• generate, using one or more natural language understanding (NLU) models, a sentiment class score indicative of one or more emotions for at least a portion of the plurality of text and a subjectivity score indicative of subjectivity for at least the portion of the plurality of text;
• determine, based on the subjectivity score, a rate of change in pitch or rate values for the portion of the plurality of text;
• determine, based on the sentiment class score and the subjectivity score, one or more prosodic values corresponding to the portion of the plurality of text;
• determine, based on the one or more prosodic values, one or more speech synthesis markup language (SSML) tags corresponding to the one or more emotions indicated by the sentiment class score;
• and
• generate, based on the prosodic values, SSML-tagged data comprising the determined one or more SSML tags and respective tag location in the portion of the plurality of text.

A method performed by one or more processors of a computing system, comprising:

• accessing a plurality of text;
• generating, using one or more natural language understanding (NLU) models a sentiment class score indicative of one or more emotions for at least a portion of the plurality of text and a subjectivity score indicative of subjectivity for at least the portion of the plurality of text;
• determine, based on the subjectivity score, a rate of change in pitch or rate values for the portion of the plurality of text;
• determining, based on the sentiment class score and the subjectivity score, one or more prosodic values corresponding to the portion of the plurality of text;
• determining, based on the one or more prosodic values, one or more speech synthesis markup language (SSML) tags corresponding to the one or more emotions indicated by the sentiment class score;
• and
• generating, based on the prosodic values, SSML-tagged data comprising the determined one or more SSML tags and respective tag in the portion of the plurality of text.