Analytical nebulizer

A nebulizer comprising:

• a liquid capillary enclosed within a housing;
• and
• a gas capillary enclosed within the housing, wherein the gas capillary comprises a body and an end;
• wherein the housing comprises a tip that is substantially parallel to a cross-section of the liquid capillary and is substantially parallel to a cross-section of the gas capillary,
• wherein the liquid capillary comprises an opening at the tip and the gas capillary comprises an orifice at the tip,
• wherein the body of the gas capillary has a first diameter and the orifice has a second diameter that is less than the first diameter,
• wherein the end of the gas capillary is not more than 2.5 mm in length,
• wherein the surface of the tip is roughened, and
• wherein the distance between the edge of the liquid opening proximal to the gas orifice and the edge of the gas orifice proximal to the liquid opening is sufficiently large such that a sample liquid in the liquid capillary will exit the liquid capillary and form a thin film on a portion of the tip when a gas stream is exiting from the gas orifice.