Surgical visualization and monitoring

A surgical visualization system, comprising:

• a first source configured to emit a plurality of spectral light waves configured to penetrate a tissue;
• a second source configured to emit a structured light pattern onto a surface of the tissue;
• an image sensor configured to detect at least one of the reflected plurality of spectral light waves and the reflected structured light pattern;
• a display screen;
• a control circuit communicatively coupled to the first source, the second source, the image sensor, and the display screen;
• and
• a memory communicatively coupled to the control circuit, wherein the memory stores program instructions which, when executed, cause the control circuit to:
• receive a first input corresponding to a structure below the surface of the tissue selected for tracking;
• cause the first source to emit the plurality of spectral light waves toward the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• cause the second source to emit the structured light pattern;
• receive first information from the image sensor corresponding to the structured light pattern on the surface of the tissue;
• receive second information from the image sensor corresponding to the spectral light waves reflected from the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• identify the structure below the surface of the tissue from the second information received by the image sensor;
• provide a signal to the display screen corresponding to the identified structure below the surface of the tissue;
• and
• adjust the image sensor when the structure below the surface of the tissue is no longer captured by the image sensor;
• wherein the structure does not comprise a contrast agent.

A surgical visualization system, comprising:

• a first source configured to emit a plurality of spectral light waves configured to penetrate a tissue;
• a second source configured to emit a structured light pattern onto a surface of the tissue;
• an image sensor configured to detect at least one of the reflected plurality of spectral light waves and the reflected structured light pattern;
• a display screen;
• a control circuit communicatively coupled to the first source, the second source, the image sensor, and the display screen;
• and
• a memory communicatively coupled to the control circuit, wherein the memory stores program instructions which, when executed, cause the control circuit to:
• receive a first input corresponding to a structure below the surface of the tissue selected for tracking;
• cause the first source to emit the plurality of spectral light waves toward the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• cause the second source to emit the structured light pattern;
• receive first information from the image sensor corresponding to the structured light pattern on the surface of the tissue;
• receive second information from the image sensor corresponding to the spectral light waves reflected from the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• identify the structure below the surface of the tissue from the second information received by the image sensor;
• provide a signal to the display screen corresponding to the identified structure below the surface of the tissue;
• and
• adjust the image sensor when the structure below the surface of the tissue is no longer captured by the image sensor;
• wherein the second information received from the image sensor does not comprise fluoroscopic information.

A surgical visualization system, comprising:

• a first source configured to emit a plurality of spectral light waves configured to penetrate a tissue;
• a second source configured to emit a structured light pattern onto a surface of the tissue;
• an image sensor configured to detect at least one of the reflected plurality of spectral light waves and the reflected structured light pattern;
• a display screen;
• a control circuit communicatively coupled to the first source, the second source, the image sensor, and the display screen;
• and
• a memory communicatively coupled to the control circuit, wherein the memory stores program instructions which, when executed, cause the control circuit to:
• receive a first input corresponding to a structure below the surface of the tissue selected for tracking;
• cause the first source to emit the plurality of spectral light waves toward the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• cause the second source to emit the structured light pattern;
• receive first information from the image sensor corresponding to the structured light pattern on the surface of the tissue;
• receive second information from the image sensor corresponding to the spectral light waves reflected from the structure below the surface of the tissue;
• identify the structure below the surface of the tissue from the second information received by the image sensor;
• provide a signal to the display screen corresponding to the identified structure below the surface of the tissue;
• and
• adjust the image sensor when the structure below the surface of the tissue is no longer captured by the image sensor;
• wherein the control circuit is configured to identify the structure below the surface of the tissue absent fluoroscopic imaging techniques.

A surgical visualization system, comprising:

• a source configured to emit a plurality of spectral light waves configured to penetrate a tissue;
• an image sensor configured to detect the reflected plurality of spectral light waves;
• a display screen;
• a control circuit communicatively coupled to the source, the image sensor, and the display screen;
• and
• a memory communicatively coupled to the control circuit, wherein the memory stores program instructions which, when executed, cause the control circuit to:
• receive an input corresponding to an embedded structure for tracking;
• cause the source to emit the plurality of spectral light waves toward the embedded structure;
• receive information from the image sensor corresponding to the spectral light waves reflected from the embedded structure;
• identify the embedded structure from the information received by the image sensor;
• provide a signal to the display screen corresponding to the identified embedded structure;
• and
• track the embedded structure over time such that the embedded structure remains viewable on the display screen;
• wherein the control circuit is configured to identify the embedded structure absent fluoroscopic imaging techniques.