# US 11,310,043 B2 · Frequency encryption for communication signals > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,310,043 B2 - Document ID: US11310043B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/239,430 - Filed: 2019-01-03 - Published: 2020-07-09 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2019-01-03 - Assignees: ROLLS-ROYCE plc; Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. - Applicants: Rolls-Royce Corporation; Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. - Inventors: John Joseph Costello; Richard Joseph Skertic; Wayne Thomas Padgett, Sr. - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11310043B2 ## CPC - H04K 1/10: by using two signals transmitted simultaneously or successively - H04L 9/0875: {based on channel impulse response [CIR]} - H03H 17/0294: {Variable filters; Programmable filters} - H03H 17/04: Recursive filters - H04L 63/0428: {wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload} - H04L 2463/041: using an encryption or decryption engine integrated in transmitted data - H04K: SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - H03H: IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS (waveguides, resonators, lines or other devices of the waveguide type H01P) ## Abstract A receiver in a communication system may include a buffer and hardware. The buffer may be configured to store a communication signal comprising one or more pulses representative of data. The hardware may be configured to determine whether a data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, and authenticate, based on the determination of whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, the one or more pulses as a valid representation of the data. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: receiving, by a receiver, a communication signal comprising one or more pulses representative of data; determining, by the receiver, whether a data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, wherein the data authentication pulse includes a data authentication pulse having a voltage that is at least one order of magnitude less than a voltage of the one or more pulses representative of the data; and authenticating, by the receiver and based on the determination of whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, the one or more pulses as a valid representation of the data. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining, by the receiver, whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses comprises: applying a frequency filter to obtain a subset of a plurality of frequency components present in the one or more pulses; and determining whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the subset of the plurality of frequency components. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the frequency filter comprises an infinite impulse response filter. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein applying the frequency filter comprises applying the frequency filter in accordance with a Goertzel algorithm or a chirp analysis. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, further comprising: reconfiguring, responsive to a failed authentication of the one or more pulses as the valid representation of the data, the frequency filter to obtain a different subset of the plurality of frequency components; receiving an additional communication signal including one or more additional pulses representative of additional data; applying the reconfigured frequency filter to obtain the different subset of a plurality of frequency components present in the one or more additional pulses; determining whether an additional data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the different subset of the frequency components, the additional data authentication pulse differing from the data authentication pulse in terms of one or more of frequency, amplitude, and dampening factor; and authenticating, based on the determination of whether the additional data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the different subset of frequency components, the one or more additional pulses as a valid representation of the additional data. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses comprises determining, according to a pseudo random sequence, whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the data authentication pulse is adaptable in terms of one or more of frequency, amplitude, and dampening factor and comprises one of a truncated sinusoid, an exponentially damped sinusoid, or a chirp signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising decoding, responsive to authenticating the one or more pulses as the valid representation of the data, the one or more pulses to obtain the data. ### Claim 9 A receiver in a communication system, the receiver comprising: a buffer configured to store a communication signal comprising one or more pulses representative of data; and hardware configured to: determine whether a data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, wherein the data authentication pulse includes a data authentication pulse having a voltage that is at least one order of magnitude less than a voltage of the one or more pulses representative of the data; and authenticate, based on the determination of whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, the one or more pulses as a valid representation of the data. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9, wherein the hardware is configured to: apply a frequency filter to obtain a subset of a plurality of frequency components present in the one or more pulses; and determine whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the subset of the plurality of frequency components. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The receiver of claim 10, wherein the frequency filter comprises an infinite impulse response filter. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The receiver of claim 10, wherein the hardware is configured to apply the frequency filter in accordance with a Goertzel algorithm or a chirp analysis. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The receiver of claim 10, wherein the hardware is further configured to: reconfigure, responsive to a failed authentication of the one or more pulses as the valid representation of the data, the frequency filter to obtain a different subset of the plurality of frequency components; receive an additional communication signal including one or more additional pulses representative of additional data; apply the reconfigured frequency filter to obtain the different subset of a plurality of frequency components present in the one or more additional pulses; determine whether an additional data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the different subset of the frequency components, the additional data authentication pulse differing from the data authentication pulse in terms of one or more of frequency, amplitude, and dampening factor; and authenticate, based on the determination of whether the additional data authentication pulse has been superimposed within the different subset of frequency components, the one or more additional pulses as a valid representation of the additional data. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9, wherein the hardware is configured to determine, according to a pseudo random sequence, whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9, wherein the data authentication pulse is adaptable in terms of one or more of frequency, amplitude, and dampening factor and comprises one of a truncated sinusoid, an exponentially damped sinusoid, or a chirp signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9, wherein the hardware is further configured to decode, responsive to authenticating the one or more pulses as the valid representation of the data, the one or more pulses to obtain the data. ### Claim 17 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9, wherein an engine control system includes the receiver and a transmitter configured to generate the communication signal in which the data authentication pulse is superimposed over the one or more pulses. ### Claim 18 A system comprising: a hardware transmitter configured to: obtain a communication carrier signal that includes one or more pulses representative of data; superimpose, in accordance with a pseudo random sequence, a data authentication pulse on top of at least one of the one or more pulses to obtain an encrypted communication signal, wherein the data authentication pulse includes a data authentication pulse having a voltage that is at least one order of magnitude less than a voltage of the one or more pulses representative of the data; and transmit the encrypted communication signal; and a hardware receiver configured to: receive the encrypted communication signal; determine, according to the pseudo random sequence, whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over the at least one of the one or more pulses; and authenticate, based on the determination of whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over the at least one of the one or more pulses, the one or more pulses as a valid representation of the data.