# US 11,309,956 B2 · Method for compensating boresight error in low earth orbit satellite antenna

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- Number: US 11,309,956 B2
- Document ID: US11309956B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/349,034
- Filed: 2021-06-16
- Published: 2022-02-17
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2020-07-06
- Assignees: Ajou University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation
- Applicants: Ajou University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation
- Inventors: Yong Bae Park; Chang Seong Kim
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11309956B2

## CPC

- H04B 7/18519: {Operations control, administration or maintenance}
- G01W 1/02: Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed (G01W1/10 takes precedence)
- H04B 7/18513: {Transmission in a satellite or space-based system}
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- G01W: METEOROLOGY (radar, sonar, lidar or analogous systems, designed for meteorological use G01S13/95, G01S15/88, G01S17/95)

## Abstract

The method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna according to the present disclosure comprising the steps of: converting a communication point of the LEO satellite and the location of the ground station into the geocentric coordinate system, and setting an incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the antenna of the LEO satellite; calculating the measured meteorological condition as a meteorological condition at a specific altitude interval; calculating the meteorological conditions respectively as an effective refractive index; dividing the atmosphere into layers at specific altitude intervals, and calculating an arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave for which the atmospheric environment is considered; when the error between the location of the ground station and the arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave is less than a target error, deciding the compensating angle for the incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna by considering a nonhomogeneous propagation environment due to a meteorological condition on a path of an electromagnetic wave reaching a ground station from the antenna of a moving LEO satellite, the method comprises the steps of:
a) converting a communication point of the LEO satellite and the location of the ground station into the geocentric coordinate system, and setting an incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the LEO satellite antenna;
b) calculating a meteorological condition at a specific altitude interval by applying a specific formula to a measured meteorological condition;
c) calculating the calculated meteorological condition at a specific altitude interval as an effective refractive index at a specific altitude interval;
d) dividing the atmosphere into layers at the specific altitude intervals, and calculating an arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave for which the atmospheric environment is considered by using the calculated effective refractive index and a specific technique;
e) calculating an error between the location of the ground station and the arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave as a zenith angle and an azimuth angle of the geocentric coordinate system;
f) determining whether the error between the location of the ground station and the arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave is less than a target error or not, and when the error is not less than the target error, adding the error to the incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave and returning to step d); and
g) in step f), when the error between the location of the ground station and the arrival coordinate of the electromagnetic wave is less than the target error, deciding a compensation angle for the incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave,
wherein the specific formula in step b) is the Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial (PCHIP), and
wherein, in step c), the effective refractive index is calculated by applying a Millimeter-wave Propagation Model (MPM) to the meteorological data which is calculated by applying a two-dimensional interpolation method to the meteorological data at a specific altitude interval (h0, h1, . . . hn).

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein the meteorological condition measured in step b) comprises at least one of atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, snow, rain, cloud, aerosol, and yellow sand.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein, in step d), the atmosphere is divided into layers at specific altitude intervals and set as a dielectric media having effective refractive index calculated by the MPM.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein, in step d), the specific technique is the ray tracing method.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method for compensating a boresight error in a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein, in step f), the target error is 0.01%.