# US 11,309,840 B2 · Outphasing power combiner > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,309,840 B2 - Document ID: US11309840B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/171,655 - Filed: 2021-02-09 - Published: 2021-06-03 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2019-06-24 - Assignees: Movandi Corporation - Applicants: Movandi Corporation - Inventors: Ahmadreza Rofougaran; Maryam Rofougaran; Sam Gharavi - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11309840B2 ## CPC - H03F 1/02: Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation - H04B 1/0483: {Transmitters with multiple parallel paths} - H03F 1/0294: {using vector summing of two or more constant amplitude phase-modulated signals} - H03F 3/19: with semiconductor devices only - H03F 3/245: {with semiconductor devices only} - H04B 1/04: Circuits - H03F 2200/105: A non-specified detector of the power of a signal being used in an amplifying circuit - H03F 2200/222: A circuit being added at the input of an amplifier to adapt the input impedance of the amplifier - H03F 2200/451: the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier - H03F 2200/459: Ripple reduction circuitry being used in an amplifying circuit - H04B 2001/045: {with means for improving efficiency} - H03F: AMPLIFIERS - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract A circuit includes a transformer having a primary coil coupled to a first power amplifier (PA) and a second PA, and a secondary coil. The secondary coil supplies a current to an antenna based on a first direction of a first phase of a first amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil with respect to a second phase of a second amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil. The circuit further includes load impedance coupled between a median point of the primary coil and ground. The load impedance dissipates the current based on a second direction of the first phase of the first amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil with respect to the second phase of the second amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil, which results in improved power efficiency. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit, comprising: a ripple detector configured to detect at least one ripple in a current; a transformer coupled to the ripple detector, wherein the transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil is coupled to a first power amplifier (PA) and a second PA, and wherein the secondary coil is configured to supply the current to a differential antenna based on the detected at least one ripple in the current, a first direction of a first phase of a first amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil with respect to a second phase of a second amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil; and a load impedance coupled between a median point of the primary coil and ground, wherein the load impedance dissipates the current based on a second direction of the first phase of the first amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil with respect to the second phase of the second amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein the primary coil of the transformer is coupled in parallel with the secondary coil of the transformer. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first amplified constant-envelope signal is generated by the first PA based on a first constant-envelope signal, wherein the second amplified constant-envelope signal is generated by the second PA based on a second constant-envelope signal, and wherein the first constant-envelope signal is received by the first PA and the second constant-envelope signal is received by the second PA, from a signal decomposition block. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The circuit of claim 3, wherein the first constant-envelope signal and the second constant-envelope signal are generated by the signal decomposition block based on a modulated input signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4, wherein the modulated input signal is a variable amplitude modulated signal, wherein the first constant-envelope signal and the second constant-envelope signal are constant amplitude decomposed RF signals with corresponding phases in opposite direction. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein the load impedance is adjustable, and wherein the load impedance is adjusted to match an impedance of the differential antenna based on detection of one or more ripples at the primary coil or in the current supplied to the differential antenna. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The circuit of claim 6, further comprising a second ripple detector coupled to the transformer to detect the one or more ripples at the primary coil or in the current supplied to the differential antenna. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the ripple detector is coupled in parallel to the secondary coil. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the ripple detector is coupled between ground and one of the primary coil or the secondary coil. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the ripple detector is coupled differentially between the primary coil and the secondary coil. ### Claim 11 A circuit, comprising: a first power amplifier (PA) and a second PA, wherein the first PA is configured to generate a first amplified constant-envelope signal based on a first constant-envelope signal, and wherein the second PA is configured to generate a second amplified constant-envelope signal based on a second constant-envelope signal; a power combiner configured to combine the first amplified constant-envelope signal and the second amplified constant-envelope signal, the power combiner comprising: a ripple detector configured to detect at least one ripple in a current; a transformer coupled to the ripple detector, wherein the transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil is coupled to the first PA and the second PA, and wherein the secondary coil is configured to supply the current based on the detected at least one ripple in the current, a first direction of a first phase of the first amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil with respect to a second phase of the second amplified constant-envelope signal in the primary coil; and a load impedance coupled between a median point of the primary coil and ground, wherein the load impedance dissipates the current based on a second direction of the first phase of the first amplified constant-envelope signal with respect to the second phase of the second amplified constant-envelope signal; and a differential antenna configured to receive the current supplied by the secondary coil of the transformer and transmit an output RF signal to a RF receiver, wherein the transmitted output RF signal corresponds to a combination of the first amplified constant-envelope signal and the second amplified constant-envelope signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The circuit of claim 11, further comprising a signal decomposition block configured to decompose a modulated input signal into the first constant-envelope signal and the second constant-envelope signal. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein the modulated input signal is a variable amplitude modulated signal, and wherein the first constant-envelope signal and the second constant-envelope signal are constant amplitude decomposed RF signals with corresponding phases in opposite direction. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The circuit of claim 11, wherein the primary coil of the transformer is coupled in parallel to the secondary coil of the transformer. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The circuit of claim 11, wherein the load impedance is adjustable, and wherein the load impedance is adjusted to match an impedance of the differential antenna based on detection of one or more ripples at the primary coil or in the current supplied to the differential antenna. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The circuit of claim 15, wherein the power combiner further comprises a second ripple detector coupled to the transformer to detect the one or more ripples at the primary coil or in the current supplied to the differential antenna. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The circuit of claim 16, wherein the ripple detector is coupled in parallel to the secondary coil. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The circuit of claim 16, wherein the ripple detector is coupled between ground and one of the primary coil or the secondary coil. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The circuit of claim 16, wherein the ripple detector is coupled differentially between the primary coil and the secondary coil.