# US 11,309,786 B2 · Controller for power inverter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,309,786 B2 - Document ID: US11309786B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/265,432 - Filed: 2019-08-02 - Published: 2021-09-30 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2018-08-02 - Assignees: Polyvalor, Limited Partnership; Mississippi State University - Applicants: Polyvalor, Limited Partnership; Mississippi State University - Inventors: Houshang Karimi; Masoud Karimi-Ghartemani; Keyhan Sheshyekani - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11309786B2 ## CPC - H02M 1/14: Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output - H02M 1/143: {using compensating arrangements (for reducing noise from the supply in transmission systems H04B15/005)} - H02M 1/12: Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output - H02M 1/44: Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters - H02M 7/537: using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters - H02M 7/539: with automatic control of output wave form or frequency (H02M7/5375 - H02M7/5387 take precedence) - H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY ## Abstract Herein provided is a controller for a current inverter. The controller comprises a reference generator configured for obtaining source voltage and current values from an electrical source, generating a voltage error function based on source and reference voltages, and generating a current error function based on source and reference currents. The controller also comprises an output controller for receiving from the reference generator the voltage and current error functions and configured for producing at least one control signal based on the voltage and current error functions. The controller also comprises a state feedback controller configured for: adjusting the at least one control signal, based on parameters of the electrical source, to produce at least one adjusted control signal, and outputting the at least one adjusted control signal to the current inverter. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A controller for a current inverter, the current inverter coupled to an electrical source and producing output current for a receiving network, the controller comprising: a reference generator configured for: obtaining a source voltage value and a source current value from the electrical source; generating a voltage error function based on the source voltage value and a reference voltage; and generating a current error function based on the source current value and a reference current; an output controller coupled to the reference generator for receiving therefrom the voltage error function and the current error function and configured for producing at least one control signal based on the voltage error function and the current error function; and a state feedback controller coupled to the output controller and to the electrical source, the state feedback controller configured for: adjusting the at least one control signal, based on a DC ripple level of the electrical source, a double-frequency ripple level of the electrical source, and a DC voltage of the electrical source, to produce at least one adjusted control signal; and outputting the at least one adjusted control signal to the current inverter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the reference generator comprises: a ripple extractor comprising a first-order high-pass filter having a transfer function of s s + a ; and a phase shift unit comprising a first-order all-pass filter having a transfer function of s - b s + b ; wherein S is the Laplace-domain variable, and a and b are predetermined constants; and wherein the reference current is produced by the ripple extractor and the phase shift unit. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The controller of claim 2, wherein the reference current is produced based on the equation itq(t)=itq0+itq2 sin(2ωt) in which itq (t) is the reference current, itq0 is a base reference current, itq2 is a feedback current, and ω is the frequency of the reference current. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the reference generator is further configured for producing the reference voltage. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the output controller comprises: a servo-compensator configured for producing at least one uncompensated control signal based on the voltage error function and the current error function; and a gain unit configured for compensating at least one uncompensated control signal based on state variables of the servo-compensator to produce the at least one control signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the output controller is configured for producing a plurality of control signals based on core matrices AC and BC A C = [ 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 - 4 ⁢ ω 2 0 ] , B C = [ 0 0 1 ] where ω is the frequency of the reference current. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the state feedback controller is further configured for: receiving, from a phase-locked loop associated with the current inverter, an indication of the phase angle of the receiving network; and adjusting the at least one control signal based on the phase angle of the receiving network. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the state feedback controller is further configured for adjusting the at least one control signal in accordance with a maximum power point tracking strategy. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, further comprising a system gain coupled to the state feedback controller and configured for: obtaining the at least one adjusted control signal; adjusting the at least one adjusted control signal to produce at least one further-adjusted control signal; and outputting the further-adjusted control signal to the current inverter. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The controller of claim 1, wherein the at least one adjusted control signal output to the current inverter causes the current inverter to produce unbalanced current as the output current. ### Claim 11 A method for controlling a current inverter, the current inverter coupled to an electrical source, controlled by a controller, and producing output current for a receiving network, the method comprising: obtaining a source voltage value and a source current value; generating a voltage error function based on the source voltage value and a reference voltage; generating a current error function based on the source current value and a reference current; producing at least one control signal based on the voltage and current error functions; adjusting the at least one control signal based on a DC ripple level of the electrical source, a double-frequency ripple level of the electrical source, and a DC voltage of the electrical source to produce at least one adjusted control signal; and outputting the at least one adjusted control signal to the current inverter. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising producing the reference current via a ripple extractor and a phase shift unit. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein producing the reference current comprises producing the reference current based on the equation itq(t)=itq0+itq2 sin(2ωt) in which itq (t) is the reference current, itq0 is a base reference current, itq2 is a feedback current, and ω is the frequency of the reference current. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising producing the reference voltage. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein producing at least one control signal comprises: producing at least one uncompensated control signal based on the voltage error function and the current error function; and compensating the at least one uncompensated control signal based on state variables of a servo-compensator associated with the controller to produce the at least one control signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein producing the at least one control signal comprises producing a plurality of control signals based on core matrices AC and BC A C = [ 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 - 4 ⁢ ω 2 0 ] , B C = [ 0 0 1 ] where ω is the frequency of the reference current. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting the at least one control signal based on a phase angle of the receiving network. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising adjusting the at least one control signal in accordance with a maximum power point tracking strategy. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising applying a system gain to the at least one adjusted control signal to produce at least one further-adjusted control signal, and wherein outputting the at least one adjusted control signal comprises outputting the at least one further-adjusted control signal. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one adjusted control signal output to the current inverter causes the current inverter to produce unbalanced current as the output current.