Direct ammonia alkaline membrane fuel cell and method of operating same

A method of operating an Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cell (AMFC) with direct ammonia feeding, the method comprising:

• providing AMFC comprising:
• a solid electrolyte membrane free of aqueous electrolyte, an anode inlet for receiving ammonia and a cathode inlet for receiving oxygen containing gas;
• operating the AMFC at an operation temperature of above 95° C.;
• providing the oxygen containing gas to a cathode of the AMFC at a pressure above the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at the operation temperature;
• and
• providing the ammonia to an anode of the AMFC by providing one of:
• ammonia in a gas phase at a pressure above the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at the operation temperature;
• ammonia as an aqueous ammonia solution;
• and
• ammonia in a gas phase while adding humidity to the oxygen containing gas.