# US 11,308,931 B2 · Acoustic metamaterial > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,308,931 B2 - Document ID: US11308931B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/799,682 - Filed: 2020-02-24 - Published: 2020-10-01 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-12-09 - Assignees: The Research Foundation for The State University of New York - Applicants: The Research Foundation for The State University of New York - Inventors: Steven M. Hoffberg - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11308931B2 ## CPC - G10K 11/1785: {Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices (G10K11/1781, G10K11/1783 take precedence)} - G10K 11/18: Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound (G10K11/02, G10K11/36 take precedence) - G10K 15/04: Sound-producing devices (G10K15/02 takes precedence) - H04K 3/00: Jamming of communication; Counter-measures - G10K 2210/3044: Phase shift, e.g. complex envelope processing - H04K 3/65: {using deceptive jamming or spoofing, e.g. transmission of false signals for premature triggering of RCIED, for forced connection or disconnection to/from a network or for generation of dummy target signal} - H04K 3/68: {using passive jamming, e.g. by shielding or reflection (shielding of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic field H05K9/00)} - H04K 3/82: {related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection} - H04K 3/825: {by jamming} - H04K 3/84: {related to preventing electromagnetic interference in petrol station, hospital, plane or cinema} - H04K 2203/12: for acoustic communication - G10K: SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - H04K: SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION ## Abstract A metamaterial comprising, a plurality of acoustic vector field sensors, each configured to sense an acoustic vector field of a fluid within a fluid-filled space in response to fluid waves, and producing an electrical signal corresponding to the sensed acoustic vector field; a processor configured to perform a time and space transform on the electrical signal; and at least one phased array transducer, configured to emit fluid waves according to a produced acoustic vector field pattern dependent on a result of the time and space transform, a within a portion of the fluid. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A metamaterial, comprising: a plurality of vector flow sensors, each of the vector flow sensors comprising at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber and being configured to sense a vector flow of a gas due to primary acoustic waves within a first portion of the gas past the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber by quantifying a displacement of the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber due to the vector flow of the gas, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber is suspended in a magnetic field, and transduces the displacement to an electromagnetically induced voltage corresponding to the primary acoustic waves; a transducer array comprising a plurality of acoustic wave emitters, configured to emit secondary acoustic waves within a second portion of the gas, the first portion of the gas and the second portion of the gas being separated by an intervening physical structure therebetween that interferes with propagation of the primary acoustic waves surrounding the intervening physical structure; and an automated control comprising an automated transform processor, configured to: receive an electrical signal corresponding to the electromagnetically induced voltage responsive to the sensed primary acoustic waves from the plurality of vector flow sensors; perform a time and space transform having a metamaterial approximation transfer function on the electrical signal; determine a vector flow pattern of the primary acoustic waves; and control the transducer array in accordance with a result of the time and space transform having the metamaterial approximation transfer function, to emit the secondary acoustic waves which at least partially cancel the primary acoustic waves. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the transducer array has an emission pattern which does not directly emit the secondary acoustic waves toward the plurality of vector flow sensors. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the transducer array is configured to emit the secondary acoustic waves in an emission pattern which emits the secondary acoustic waves which are at least one of directly and indirectly sensed by at least one of plurality of vector flow sensors. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of vector flow sensors comprises the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber extending under tension between attachments, having a portion which is displaced due to the primary acoustic waves, the displacement being detected based on the electromagnetically induced voltage. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber comprises at least three displaceable conductive sensing fibers disposed along different axes, each of the at least three displaceable conductive sensing fibers being displaceable due to the primary acoustic waves, to thereby detect a three- dimensional acoustic wave vector of the primary acoustic waves. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the intervening physical structure comprises a core, and the transducer array is controlled to emulate a core which is transparent with respect to the primary acoustic waves. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of vector flow sensors surround the intervening physical structure which interferes with propagation of the primary acoustic waves across the intervening physical structure; and the transducer array is controlled to emulate a negative index of refraction with respect to propagation of the primary acoustic waves across the intervening physical structure. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial approximation transfer function emulates a negative index of refraction. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber comprises a conductive coating formed on a polymer fiber. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein absent emission of the secondary acoustic waves, the metamaterial has externally observed inhomogeneous properties due to at least the physical intervening structure, and the time and space transform having the metamaterial approximation transfer function causes the metamaterial to have externally observed homogeneous acoustic properties. ### Claim 11 A metamaterial method, comprising: providing a metamaterial comprising: a plurality of vector flow sensors, each of the vector flow sensors comprising at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber suspended in a magnetic field, and being configured to sense a flow of a gas in response to primary acoustic waves past the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber by quantifying a displacement of the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber due to the flow of the gas, producing an electromagnetically induced voltage corresponding to the primary acoustic waves; a transducer array; and an intervening physical structure, disposed between the plurality of vector flow sensors and the transducer array, that interferes with propagation of the primary acoustic waves surrounding the intervening physical structure; the metamaterial method further comprising: receiving, by an automated transform processor, an electrical signal corresponding to the electromagnetically induced voltage responsive to the movement of the gas from the plurality of vector flow sensors; performing a time and space transform having an approximated metamaterial transfer function on the electrical signal with the automated transform processor, to determine a pattern of gas movement; and emitting secondary acoustic waves within a portion of the gas with the transducer array comprising a plurality of acoustic wave emitters, responsive to a result of the time and space transform having the approximated metamaterial transfer function from the automated transform processor, to at least partially cancel the primary acoustic waves proximate to the metamaterial with the emitted secondary waves. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the transducer array comprises a phased array transducer having a commonly controlled emission pattern. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the transducer array is controlled as a phase array to produce a controlled emission pattern, and the plurality of vector flow sensors receive feedback from the transducer array, wherein the time and space transform is responsive to the feedback. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the intervening physical structure comprises a core which interferes with acoustic wave propagation in the gas surrounding the core; the plurality of vector flow sensors being arranged in an array proximate to the core to sense at least an axis of propagation of the primary acoustic waves; and the transducer array being disposed on at least an opposite side of the core with respect to the plurality of vector flow sensors; the metamaterial method further comprising driving the transducer array according to the time and space transform to emulate a core which is transparent with respect to the primary acoustic waves. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber of each vector flow sensor comprises a conductive portion extending between attachments, further comprising displacing the conductive portion due to viscous drag from the primary acoustic waves, and a detecting the displacement of the conductive portion based on the electromagnetically induced voltage. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber comprises at least three displaceable conductive sensing fibers disposed along different axes, further comprising displacing the at least three displaceable conductive sensing fibers due to the primary acoustic waves, and detecting a three-dimensional acoustic propagation vector based on the electromagnetically induced voltage produced by the displacement. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the transducer array is provided around the physical intervening structure comprising a core that interacts with the primary acoustic waves, further comprising controlling the transducer array in dependence on the electrical signal, to emulate a core which is transparent with respect to the primary acoustic waves. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the time and space transform comprises at least one of a Fast Fourier Transform, an Inverse Fourier Transform, and a wavelet transform. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The metamaterial method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one displaceable conductive sensing fiber comprises a conductive coating formed on a polymer fiber. ### Claim 20 A non-transitory computer readable medium containing instructions for controlling an automated processor to implement an active metamaterial control system for controlling a metamaterial, the metamaterial comprising: a plurality of acoustic wave propagation vector flow sensors, each of the acoustic wave propagation vector flow sensors comprising a displaceable conductive sensing fiber suspended in a magnetic field, which are responsive to a viscous drag of a gas flow from a primary acoustic wave propagating in a gas on the respective displaceable conductive sensing fiber, configured to electromagnetically induce a voltage upon a displacement; a phased array transducer; and an intervening physical structure separating the plurality of acoustic wave propagation vector flow sensors and the phased array transducer, the intervening physical structure interfering with the propagation of the primary acoustic wave between the plurality of acoustic wave propagation vector flow sensors and the phased array transducer, the instructions comprising: instructions to receive electrical signals corresponding to the electromagnetically-induced voltage from the plurality of acoustic wave propagation vector flow sensors responsive to the primary acoustic wave; instructions to perform a time and space transform having an approximated metamaterial transfer function on the electrical signals; and instructions to control the phased array transducer to emit secondary acoustic waves within a portion of the gas, responsive to a result of the time and space transform having the approximated metamaterial transfer function, to at least partially cancel the primary acoustic wave.