# US 11,308,823 B2 · Using thermochromic ink for blood simulation in medical training

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- Number: US 11,308,823 B2
- Document ID: US11308823B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/271,651
- Filed: 2019-02-08
- Published: 2019-08-15
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2018-02-13
- Assignees: Qatar University
- Applicants: Qatar University
- Inventors: Abdullah Alsalemi; Mohammed Al Disi; Yahya Alhomsi; Ibrahim Ahmed; Fayçal Bensaali; Abbes Amira; Guillaume Alinier
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11308823B2

## CPC

- G09B 23/303: {specially adapted to simulate circulation of bodily fluids}
- G09B: EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B)

## Abstract

Provided herein are a method of using thermochromic ink for blood simulation in medical training and a method of using thermochromic ink for blood simulation. A prominent application is for simulation of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) simulation.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of using thermochromic ink for blood simulation in medical training, the method comprising:
providing a thermochromic fluid for blood simulation where blood color is to be simulated; wherein the thermochromic fluid comprises a thermochromic ink;
adjusting the temperature of the fluid thereby altering the color of the fluid; wherein the color of the fluid is bright red when the temperature of the fluid is 31° C. or higher, and the color of the fluid is dark red when the temperature of the fluid is 28° C. or lower;
wherein the bright red resembles the color of real blood in oxygenated state; and wherein the dark red resembles the color of real blood in deoxygenated state.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the fluid is by heating the fluid using hot water or by cooling the fluid using cold water.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the fluid is by heating the fluid to 31° C. or higher, or by cooling the fluid to 28° C. or lower.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid further comprises water, and a non-staining dye or a combination of non-staining dyes.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the thermochromic ink is black.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the non-staining dye is selected from non-staining yellow dye and non-staining pink dye.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the concentration of the thermochromic ink is 17 g/L.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the concentration of the Non-Staining Yellow Dye is 0.03 liters for every liter of distilled water and the concentration of the Non-Staining Pink Dye is 0.04 liters for every liter of distiller water.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the blood simulation is for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) simulation.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the fluid comprises cooling the fluid to 28° C. or lower and subsequently heating the fluid to 31° C. or higher; or heating the fluid to 31° C. or higher and subsequently cooling the fluid to 28° C. or lower.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the fluid comprises cooling the fluid to 24° C. or lower and subsequently heating the fluid to 35° C. or higher; or heating the fluid to 35° C. or higher and subsequently cooling the fluid to 24° C. or lower.