# US 11,308,496 B2 · Method, medium, and system for fraud prevention based on user activity data

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- Number: US 11,308,496 B2
- Document ID: US11308496B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/156,799
- Filed: 2018-10-10
- Published: 2019-02-07
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2013-07-03
- Assignees: Google Inc.
- Applicants: Google LLC
- Inventors: Mathew Cowan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11308496B2

## CPC

- G06Q 20/4016: {involving fraud or risk level assessment in transaction processing}
- G06Q 20/12: specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
- G06Q 20/20: Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

## Abstract

A user conducts activities, such as researching a product online or visiting a store that sells the product. A user then utilizes a risk analysis system to receive and store user activity data for the user's activities. When a purchase attempt is made with the user's financial account, a merchant sends a transaction request to the risk analysis system. The risk analysis system locates a record for the user and determines whether the product is identified in the user activity data. If the product is identified, the risk analysis system provides a risk score to the merchant indicating that the transaction is unlikely fraudulent. Alternatively, identification of the product provides a positive factor among multiple factors considered in a transaction risk analysis. An absence of the product in the activity can be used as a neutral or negative factor among multiple factors considered in a risk analysis of the transaction.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A computer-implemented method to reduce fraud in online transactions by correlating shopping behaviors of users with product identification information associated with products being purchased in the online transactions, comprising:
logging, by one or more computing devices, user activity data, the user activity data comprising one or more elements associated with products and services;
associating, by the one or more computing devices, the user activity data with a record for the user;
receiving, by the one or more computing devices, a request from an online merchant computing system, wherein the request identifies a product for a transaction involving an account of the user and provides information sufficient to identify the record of the user;
comparing, by the one or more computing devices, the one or more elements of the user activity data with one or more features of the product;
determining, by the one or more computing devices, based on the comparison, that one or more elements of the user activity data is a match with of one or more features of the product; and
determining, by the one or more computing devices, a risk indicator for the transaction based on the match of the one or more elements of the user activity data to the one or more features of the product, wherein the determined risk indicator is lower based on the presence of one or more matches between the one or more elements of the user activity data and the one or more features of the product, and wherein a lower risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a lower risk of fraud and a higher risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a higher risk of fraud.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the elements of the user activity data comprise a location history of a user computing device and online activity information.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
calculating, by the one or more computing devices, a risk score for the transaction based on the determined risk indicator, the risk score being indicative if the transaction is likely to be fraudulent; and
communicating, by the one or more computing devices, the risk score to the merchant computing system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the presence of a greater number of matches results in a lower risk indicator for the purchase transaction.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the risk indicator is a qualitative risk score or a quantitative risk score.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein a greater number of matches correlates to an increased likelihood that the purchase transaction involving the financial account of the user is a valid transaction.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the information sufficient to identify the record of the user comprises financial account information of the user.

### Claim 8

A system to correlate user activity data with transaction information to reduce fraud in online transactions by correlating shopping behaviors of users with product identification information associated with products being purchased in the online transactions, comprising:
a storage device;
a processor communicatively coupled to the storage device, wherein the processor executes application code instructions that are stored in the storage device to cause the system to:
receive user activity data associated with a user, wherein the user activity data comprises one or more elements associated with products and services;
associate the user activity data with a record for the user;
receive a purchase transaction request from a computing system, wherein the purchase transaction request identifies a product for a purchase transaction involving a financial account of the user and provides information sufficient to identify the record of the user;
compare the one or more elements of the user activity data with one or more features of the product;
determine that one or more elements of the user activity data is a match with the one or more features of the product; and
determine a risk indicator for the transaction based on the match of the one or more elements of the user activity data to the one or more features of the product, wherein the determined risk indicator is lower based on the presence of one or more matches between the one or more elements of the user activity data and the one or more features of the product, and wherein a low risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a low risk of fraud and a high risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a high risk of fraud.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the elements of the user activity data comprise a location history of a user computing device and online activity information.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, further comprising application code instructions to:
calculate a risk score for the transaction based on the determined risk indicator, the risk score being indicative if the transaction is likely to be fraudulent; and
communicate the risk score to a computing system.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the computer system is a merchant computing system or a financial account issuer computing system.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the presence of a greater number of matches results in a lower risk score for the purchase transaction.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein a greater number of matches correlates to an increased likelihood that the purchase transaction involving the financial account of the user is a valid transaction.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the information sufficient to identify the record of the user comprises financial account information of the user.

### Claim 15

A computer program product, comprising:
a non-transitory computer-readable storage device having computer-executable program instructions embodied thereon that when executed by a computer cause the computer to reduce fraud in online transactions by correlating shopping behaviors of users with product identification information associated with products being purchased in the online transactions, the computer-executable program instructions comprising:
computer-executable program instructions to receive user activity data associated with a user, wherein the user activity data comprises one or more elements associated with products and services;
computer-executable program instructions to associate the user activity data with a record for the user;
computer-executable program instructions to receive a purchase transaction request from a merchant computing system, wherein the purchase transaction request identifies a product for a purchase transaction involving a financial account of the user and provides information sufficient to identify the record of the user;
computer-executable program instructions to identify information in the record of the user based on the purchase transaction request;
computer-executable program instructions to compare the one or more elements of the user activity data with one or more features of the product;
computer-executable program instructions to determine that one or more elements of the user activity data matches one or more of the features of the product; and
computer-executable program instructions to determine a risk indicator for the purchase transaction based on the match of the one or more elements of the user activity data to the one or more features of the product, wherein the determined risk indicator is lower based on the presence of one or more matches between the one or more elements of the user activity data and the one or more features of the product, and wherein a low risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a low risk of fraud and a high risk indicator is associated with a transaction that has a high risk of fraud.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the elements of the user activity data comprise a location history of a user computing device and online activity information.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The computer program product of claim 15, further comprising computer-executable program instructions to:
calculate a risk score for the transaction based on the determined risk indicator, the risk score being indicative if the transaction is likely to be fraudulent; and
communicate the risk score to the merchant computing system.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the presence of a greater number of matches results in a lower risk score for the purchase transaction.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the presence of a greater number of matches results in a lower risk score for the purchase transaction.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the information sufficient to identify the record of the user comprises financial account information of the user.