# US 11,308,494 B2 · Transaction execution method and system

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- Number: US 11,308,494 B2
- Document ID: US11308494B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/817,869
- Filed: 2020-03-13
- Published: 2021-03-04
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2019-08-30
- Assignees: Hitachi, Ltd.
- Applicants: Hitachi, Ltd.
- Inventors: Hironori Emaru; Kei Fukuta
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11308494B2

## CPC

- G06Q 20/401: {Transaction verification}
- G06F 16/215: Improving data quality; Data cleansing, e.g. de-duplication, removing invalid entries or correcting typographical errors
- G06Q 20/202: {Interconnection or interaction of plural electronic cash registers [ECR] or to host computer, e.g. network details, transfer of information from host to ECR or from ECR to ECR}
- G06Q 20/322: {Aspects of commerce using mobile devices [M-devices]}
- G06Q 20/3823: {combining multiple encryption tools for a transaction}
- G06Q 20/3825: {Use of electronic signatures}
- G06Q 20/3827: {Use of message hashing}
- G06Q 40/03: Credit; Loans; Processing thereof
- G06Q 40/12: Accounting
- G06N 3/126: Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
- G06N 5/046: Forward inferencing; Production systems
- G06Q 2220/00: Business processing using cryptography
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- G06N: COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS

## Abstract

A system for making a remittance between persons and making payments offline, and for securely being able to conduct these transactions is disclosed. A participant terminal stores verified TX information to which is added a verified TX object, which represents a transaction (TX) and has been verified by a verifier. Each participant terminal stores unverified TX information to which is added an unverified TX object, which represents a TX and has not been verified by a verifier. When a TX arises between a first participant and a second participant, the first participant terminal and the second participant terminal mutually retain the same unverified TX object group including the unverified TX object of that TX. When the first participant terminal is online, verification of the unverified TX object is requested, and, when the verification is successful, that object is added to the verified TX information as a verified TX object.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A transaction execution system comprising a plurality of transaction execution units respectively equipped in a plurality of participant terminals, wherein:
the plurality of participant terminals are a plurality of information processing terminals of a plurality of participants,
at least one participant terminal among the plurality of participant terminals stores verified transaction information including a verified transaction object, which is a transaction object that has been verified by a verifier,
each of the plurality of participant terminals stores unverified transaction information including an unverified transaction object, which is a transaction object that has not yet been verified by a verifier,
in a communication between a first participant terminal, which is any one of the participant terminals, and a second participant terminal, which is any one of the participant terminals other than the first participant terminal, a first transaction execution unit as a transaction execution unit in the first participant terminal:
receives, from a second transaction execution unit as a transaction execution unit in the second participant terminal, an unverified transaction object group as one or more unverified transaction objects included in the unverified transaction information in the second participant terminal;
when the first participant terminal is offline, respectively adds an unverified transaction object representing an unverified transaction between a first participant as a participant of the first participant terminal and a second participant as a participant of the second participant terminal, to the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal and the received unverified transaction object group, and sends the unverified transaction object group to which the unverified transaction object has been added to the second transaction execution unit,
when the first participant terminal is online, if the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal includes one or more unverified transaction objects, the first transaction execution unit:
(N1) requests one or more verifiers to verify at least one unverified transaction object among the one or more unverified transaction objects;
(N2) requests addition of one or more verified transaction objects as each of the transaction objects that were successfully verified, to the verified transaction information; and
(N3) deletes the one or more unverified transaction objects corresponding respectively to the one or more verified transaction objects from the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The transaction execution system according to claim 1, wherein:
the verified transaction information comprises a time sequence of the verified transaction objects, and
the unverified transaction information in each of the plurality of participant terminals is configured from a subset of each participant in which a transaction occurred with a participant of the corresponding participant terminal, and each subset is a time sequence of the unverified transaction objects.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The transaction execution system according to claim 1, wherein: in the communication between the first participant terminal and the second participant terminal, when the first participant terminal is online, the first transaction execution unit executes (N1) to (N3).

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The transaction execution system according to claim 3, wherein:
in the communication between the first participant terminal and the second participant terminal, when the first participant terminal is offline and the second participant terminal is online, the second transaction execution unit:
requests one or more verifiers to verify one or more unverified transaction objects;
requests addition to the verified transaction information of one or more verified transaction objects as each of the transaction objects that were successfully verified; and
deletes the one or more unverified transaction objects corresponding respectively to the one or more verified transaction objects from the unverified transaction information in the second participant terminal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The transaction execution system according to claim 1, wherein:
in a case where an unverified transaction object in the unverified transaction information corresponds to a verified transaction object in the verified transaction information the first transaction execution unit skips the request to the one or more verifiers.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The transaction execution system according to claim 1, wherein:
the first transaction execution unit calculates a credit worthiness value for the first participant and the second participant based on first and second participant transaction history comprising the verified transaction information,
in the communication between the first participant terminal and the second participant terminal, even when the first participant terminal is online,
if the identified credit worthiness of the first participant and the second participant exceeds a certain level of credit worthiness, the first transaction execution unit adds to the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal and the received unverified transaction object group, an unverified transaction object representing an unverified transaction between the first participant and the second participant, and does not request one or more verifiers to verify the unverified second transaction object, and
when the first participant terminal goes online after a given number of unverified second transaction objects has accumulated, or after a given period of time has elapsed from a transaction time representing the unverified second transaction object at a head position, the first transaction execution unit requests one or more verifiers to verify one or more of the accumulated unverified second transaction objects, and requests addition of one or more verified transaction objects as each of the transaction objects that were successfully verified to the verified transaction information.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The transaction execution system according to claim 1, wherein:
a transaction execution unit in at least one participant terminal determines a compensation to a participant of a participant terminal corresponding to at least one of the following:
a participant terminal retaining an unrelated unverified object, comprising an unverified transaction object that is unrelated to the corresponding participant, or
a participant terminal that verified an unverified object unrelated to the corresponding participant.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The transaction execution system according to claim 7, wherein the compensation is based on at least one among length of retention period of the unrelated unverified object, number of unrelated unverified objects that were verified, and number of unrelated unverified objects being retained.

### Claim 9

A transaction execution method wherein: (A) and (B) below are performed in a communication between a first participant terminal, which is any participant terminal, and a second participant terminal, which is any participant terminal other than the first participant terminal,
wherein at least one participant terminal among a plurality of participant terminals stores verified transaction information to which is added a verified transaction object, which represents a transaction and is an object that has been verified by a verifier,
and wherein each of the plurality of participant terminals stores unverified transaction information to which is added an unverified transaction object, which represents a transaction and is an object that has not yet been verified by a verifier, the method comprising:
(A) receiving by the first participant terminal, from the second participant terminal, an unverified transaction object group as one or more unverified transaction objects included in the unverified transaction information in the second participant terminal,
(B) when the first participant terminal is offline, adding by the first participant terminal an unverified transaction object representing an unverified transaction between a first participant as a participant of the first participant terminal and a second participant as a participant of the second participant terminal, to each of the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal and the received unverified transaction object group, and sending the unverified object group to which the unverified transaction object has been added, to the second participant terminal,
when the first participant terminal is online, if the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal includes one or more unverified transaction objects, (N1) to (N3) below are performed:
(N1) requesting by the first participant terminal one or more verifiers to verify at least one unverified transaction object among the one or more unverified transaction objects;
(N2) requesting, by the first participant terminal, addition of one or more verified transaction objects as each of the transaction objects that were successfully verified to the verified transaction information; and
(N3) deleting by the first participant terminal the one or more unverified transaction objects corresponding respectively to the one or more verified transaction objects from the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal.

### Claim 10

A non-transitory computer readable memory storing a computer-readable program which, when executed by a processor of a first participant terminal, causes the first participant terminal, which is any information processing terminal, to: perform (A) and (B) below,
wherein at least one participant terminal among the plurality of participant terminals stores verified transaction information including a verified transaction object, which is a transaction object that has been verified by a verifier,
and wherein each of the plurality of participant terminals stores unverified transaction information including an unverified transaction object, which is a transaction object that has not yet been verified by a verifier,
(A) receive, from a second participant terminal, an unverified transaction object group including one or more unverified transaction objects included in unverified transaction information in the second participant terminal,
(B) when the first participant terminal is offline, add an unverified transaction object representing an unverified transaction between a first participant as a participant of the first participant terminal and a second Participant as a participant of the second participant terminal to each of the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal and the received unverified transaction object group, and
send an unverified transaction object group to which the unverified transaction object has been added to the second participant terminal,
when the first participant terminal is online, if the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal includes one or more unverified transaction objects perform (N1) to (N3):
(N1) request one or more verifiers to verify at least one unverified transaction object among the one or more unverified transaction objects;
(N2) request addition of one or more verified transaction objects as each of the transaction objects that were successfully verified to the verified transaction information; and
(N3) delete the one or more unverified transaction objects corresponding respectively to the one or more verified transaction objects from the unverified transaction information in the first participant terminal.