# US 11,307,755 B2 · Determination of valid touches based on force shape > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,307,755 B2 - Document ID: US11307755B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/289,082 - Filed: 2016-10-07 - Published: 2018-03-01 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-08-25 - Assignees: Parade Technologies, Ltd. - Applicants: Parade Technologies, Ltd. - Inventors: Jeffrey Tucker - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11307755B2 ## CPC - G06F 3/0488: using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures - G06F 3/017: {Gesture based interaction, e.g. based on a set of recognized hand gestures (interaction based on gestures traced on a digitiser G06F3/04883)} - G06F 3/0412: {Digitisers structurally integrated in a display} - G06F 3/041662: {using alternate mutual and self-capacitive scanning} - G06F 3/04186: {Touch location disambiguation} - G06F 3/0446: {using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes} - G06F 2203/04101: 2.5D-digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface and also measures the distance of the input means within a short range in the Z direction, possibly with a separate measurement setup - G06F 2203/04104: Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger - G06F 2203/04105: Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position - G06F 2203/04106: Multi-sensing digitiser, i.e. digitiser using at least two different sensing technologies simultaneously or alternatively, e.g. for detecting pen and finger, for saving power or for improving position detection - G06F 2203/04108: Touchless 2D- digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface without distance measurement in the Z direction - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract This application is directed to detecting touch events on a touch sensing surface coupled to a capacitive sense array and one or more force sensors. The capacitive sense array includes a plurality of sense electrodes configured to provide a plurality of capacitive sense signals. The force sensors are configured to provide one or more force signals. In accordance with the plurality of capacitive sense signals, one or more candidate touches are determined on the touch sensing surface, and used to determine an expected force shape. An actual force shape caused on the touch sensing surface by the candidate touches is determined from the one or more force signals. The actual and expected force shapes are compared to determine magnitudes of force associated with each of the one or more touch candidates, thereby determining whether each of the one or more candidate touches is a valid touch. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of detecting touch events on a touch sensing surface coupled to a capacitive sense array including a plurality of sense electrodes, comprising: at a processing device coupled to the capacitive sense array and a plurality of force electrodes: obtaining a plurality of capacitive sense signals from the plurality of sense electrodes of the capacitive sense array; in accordance with the plurality of capacitive sense signals, determining one or more candidate touches on the touch sensing surface; determining a matrix of expected force values based on the one or more candidate touches, each expected force value in the matrix of expected force values corresponding to a respective electrode of the plurality of force electrodes; obtaining a plurality of force signals from the plurality of force electrodes; in accordance with the plurality of force signals, determining a matrix of actual force values caused on the touch sensing surface by the one or more candidate touches, each actual force value in the matrix of actual force values corresponding to a respective electrode of the plurality of force electrodes; and comparing the matrix of actual force values to the matrix of expected force values to determine a magnitude of force associated with each of the one or more candidate touches, including determining whether each of the one or more candidate touches is a valid touch. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the matrix of expected force values includes an array of expected force values associated with force applied on the plurality of force electrodes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the matrix of expected force values combines a plurality of computed matrices of force values based on a plurality of force weight factors; each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values represents one of the one or more candidate touches; each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values is associated with one of the plurality of force weight factors; and each force weight factor represents the magnitude of force associated with one of the one or more candidate touches. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the comparing of the matrix of actual force values to the matrix of expected force values further comprises: calculating an error vector from the matrix of actual force values and the matrix of expected force values; and adjusting the plurality of force weight factors to minimize a magnitude of the error vector or to reduce the magnitude of the error vector below an error threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values is computed based on a calibration table, and the calibration table includes the plurality of calibrated matrices of force values, each representing a respective one of the plurality of predetermined calibration sampled points that are distributed on the touch sensing surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values combines a subset of the plurality of calibrated matrices of force values corresponding to a subset of predetermined calibration sampled points that surround a respective candidate touch. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the subset of the calibrated matrices of force values are combined based on distances between the first touch and the predetermined calibration sampled points. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein a first candidate touch matches a first predetermined calibration sampled point, and a computed matrix of force values corresponding to the first candidate touch is represented by a computed matrix of force values corresponding to the first predetermined calibration sampled point. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predetermined calibration sampled points has a resolution that is distinct from that of the plurality of force electrodes. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of whether each of the one or more touches is a valid touch further comprises: identifying one of the one or more candidate touches that is impacted by an unwanted factor other than a touch event, and determining that the one of the one or more candidate touches is not associated with a valid touch, wherein the unwanted factor includes at least one of: a water drop disposed on the touch sensing surface, common mode noise, and hovering of a stylus or a conductive passive object. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more candidate touches include a first touch, and the determining of whether each of the one or more touches is a valid touch further comprises: in accordance with the comparison between the matrix of expected force values and the matrix of actual force values, determining that the first touch is not a valid touch. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the first touch is caused by a stylus or a conductive passive object that hovers above an area of the touch sensing surface corresponding to the first touch. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more candidate touches include a plurality of candidate touches, the method further comprising: determining, according to the matrix of actual force values, that a second number of touches are applied on the touch sensing surface; and determining that the plurality of candidate touches includes a first number of candidate touches, wherein the first number is distinct from the second number. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of force electrodes are disposed below the capacitive sense array and separated from the capacitive sense array. ### Claim 15 A processing device, comprising: a processing core; a capacitance sense circuit; and memory storing one or more programs configured for execution by the processing core, the one or more programs comprising instructions for: obtaining a plurality of capacitive sense signals from a plurality of sense electrodes of a capacitive sense array; in accordance with the plurality of capacitive sense signals, determining one or more candidate touches on the touch sensing surface; determining a matrix of expected force values based on the one or more candidate touches, each expected force value in the matrix of expected force values corresponding to a respective electrode of a plurality of force electrodes; obtaining a plurality of force signals from the plurality of force electrodes; in accordance with the plurality of force signals, determining a matrix of actual force values caused on the touch sensing surface by the one or more candidate touches, each actual force value in the matrix of actual force values corresponding to a respective electrode of the plurality of force electrodes; and comparing the matrix of actual force values to the matrix of expected force values to determine a magnitude of force associated with each of the one or more candidate touches, including determining whether each of the one or more candidate touches is a valid touch. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The processing device of claim 15, wherein the matrix of expected force values includes an array of expected values associated with force applied on the plurality of force electrodes, and the matrix of expected force values is computed from a plurality of calibrated matrices of force values corresponding to a plurality of predetermined calibration sampled points distributed on the touch sensing surface. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The processing device of claim 15, wherein: the matrix of expected force values combines a plurality of computed matrices of force values based on a plurality of force weight factors; each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values represents one of the one or more candidate touches; each of the plurality of computed matrices of force values is associated with one of the plurality of force weight factors; and each force weight factor represents the magnitude of force associated with one of the one or more candidate touches. ### Claim 18 An electronic system, comprising: a capacitive sense array coupled to a touch sensing surface, the capacitive sense array including a plurality of sense electrodes; a plurality of force electrodes; and a processing device coupled to the capacitive sense array and the plurality of force electrodes, wherein the processing device is configured to: obtain a plurality of capacitive sense signals from the plurality of sense electrodes of the capacitive sense array; in accordance with the plurality of capacitive sense signals, determine one or more candidate touches on the touch sensing surface; determine a matrix of expected force values based on the one or more candidate touches, each expected force value in the matrix of expected force values corresponding to a respective electrode of the plurality of force electrodes; obtain a plurality of force signals from the plurality of force electrodes; in accordance with the plurality of force signals, determine a matrix of actual force values caused on the touch sensing surface by the one or more candidate touches, each actual force value in the matrix of actual force values corresponding to a respective electrode of the plurality of force electrodes; and compare the matrix of actual force values to the matrix of expected force values to determine a magnitude of force associated with each of the one or more candidate touches, including determining whether each of the one or more candidate touches is a valid touch. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The electronic system of claim 18, wherein the processing device is configured to determine whether each of the one or more touches is a valid touch by: identifying one of the one or more candidate touches that is impacted by an unwanted factor other than a touch event, and determining that the one of the one or more candidate touches is not associated with a valid touch, wherein the unwanted factor includes at least one of: a water drop disposed on the touch sensing surface, common mode noise, and hovering of a stylus or a conductive passive object. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The electronic system of claim 18, wherein: the one or more candidate touches include a plurality of candidate touches; the processing device is configured to determine, according to the matrix of actual force values, that a second number of touches are applied on the touch sensing surface; and the determining of the one or more candidate touches on the touch sensing surface further includes: determining that the plurality of candidate touches includes a first number of candidate touches, wherein the first number is distinct from the second number.