Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:

• a conductive substrate;
• and
• a photosensitive layer on the conductive substrate,
• wherein:
• the electrophotographic photoreceptor has an outermost surface layer that contains fluorine-containing resin particles and an antioxidant,
• the fluorine-containing resin particles contain 0 or more and 30 or less carboxy groups per 106 carbon atoms, and
• when the electrophotographic photoreceptor is loaded onto a photoreceptor electrical property evaluation apparatus equipped with a charging device, an exposing device, and a charge erasing device, an absolute value of a difference ΔVH between VH1 and VH2 is 5 V or less,
• where VH1 represents a charge potential of the electrophotographic photoreceptor charged after performing one cycle of a series of charging, exposing, and charge erasing steps under conditions described below, and
• where VH2 represents a charge potential of the electrophotographic photoreceptor charged after performing one hundred cycles of the same steps under the conditions described below:
• (Conditions)
• Measurement environment:
• temperature of 20° C./humidity of 40% RH
• Charge potential:
• +600 V
• Exposure dose:
• 10 mJ/m2
• Exposure wavelength:
• 780 nm
• Charge erasing light source:
• halogen lamp
• Charge erasing light wavelength:
• 600 nm or more and 800 nm or less
• Charge erasing light dose:
• 30 mJ/m2
• Rotation rate of photoreceptor:
• 66.7 rpm.