# US 11,307,029 B2 · Method for analyzing the surface quality of composite laminates > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,307,029 B2 - Document ID: US11307029B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/943,254 - Filed: 2018-04-02 - Published: 2019-10-03 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2018-04-02 - Assignees: The Boeing Company - Applicants: The Boeing Company - Inventors: Jeron D. Moore; Michael K. Louie; Luis A. Perla; Gagandeep Saini; Christopher W. Fay; Robert G. Meyer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11307029B2 ## CPC - G01B 11/24: for measuring contours or curvatures - B29C 64/386: Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing - B29C 66/90: {Measuring or controlling the joining process} - B29C 70/382: {Automated fiber placement [AFP]} - B29C 70/54: Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations {, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing} - B32B 27/26: using curing agents - G01B 21/30: for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces - G01N 21/84: Systems specially adapted for particular applications - G06F 30/17: Mechanical parametric or variational design - G01N 2021/8472: {Investigation of composite materials} - G01B: MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS - B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00) - B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract A method for analyzing a surface quality of a laminate part including the steps of creating a planned dimensioned representation of a laminate part desired to be built which includes a first surface having a first topography; placing fibers into locations for the laminate part desired to be built; and curing a resin associated with the placed fibers fabricating an as-built laminate part which includes a second surface having a second topography which corresponds to the first surface having the first topography. The method also includes aligning the first surface, the second surface and the locations of the fibers; determining a first elevation of a first point on the first surface and a second elevation of a second point on the second surface; and observing the first surface, the second surface and the locations of the fibers in alignment and the first elevation relative to the second elevation in analyzing the surface quality of the laminate part. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for analyzing a surface quality of a laminate part, comprising the steps of: creating a planned dimensioned representation of a laminate part to be built, wherein the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built includes a first surface having a first topography; placing fibers into locations for constructing the laminate part to be built as an as-built laminate part and adding a resin to the fibers; curing the resin added to the fibers to construct the as-built laminate part from the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built, wherein the as-built laminate part includes a second surface having a second topography which corresponds to the first surface of the laminate part to be built having the first topography, and wherein the step of curing further includes scanning the second surface to obtain the second topography of the second surface; aligning the first topography of the first surface, the second topography of the second surface, and the locations of the fibers of the planned dimensional representation of the as-built laminate part; determining a first elevation of a first point on the first surface and a second elevation of a second point on the second surface, wherein the first point and the second point have a same point of reference in a common horizontal plane of reference and wherein the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built, the as-built part, the first point, and the second point have a same common vertical plane of reference; and observing the first elevation relative to the second elevation. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of placing fibers into locations for constructing the laminate part to be built includes placing the locations of the fibers within a numerical control for an automated fiber placement machine for fabricating the as-built laminate part. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of placing of fibers into locations for constructing the laminate part to be built includes placing at least two adjacent fibers within a ply of the laminate part to be built such that the at least two adjacent fibers within the ply deviate from a standard configuration. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the step of placing of fibers into locations for constructing the laminate part to be built includes an increased spacing from the standard configuration between the at least two adjacent fibers within the ply. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the step of placing of fibers into locations for constructing the laminate part to be built includes an overlap of the at least two adjacent fibers within the ply. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of creating the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built, which includes a first surface having a first topography, includes placing into a computer aided design file the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of creating the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built includes the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built does not include fibers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining further includes determining any difference in elevation between the first elevation and the second elevation. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the step of observing further includes altering a location of at least one fiber for the laminate part to be built in response to a difference in elevation between the first elevation and the second elevation exceeding a tolerance range. ### Claim 10 A computer-implemented method for analyzing a surface quality of a laminate part, comprising the steps of: receiving, by a processor of one or more processors, a data file which contains a planned dimensioned representation of a laminate part to be built, wherein the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built includes a first surface having a first topographic data of the first surface; receiving, by the processor of the one or more processors, a data file which contains locations of fibers for constructing the laminate part to be built as an as-built laminate part; receiving, by the processor of the one or more processors, a data file from a scan performed on a second surface having a second topographic data, of the as-built laminate part constructed from the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built, wherein: the as-built laminated part was fabricated having fibers with fiber locations based on the data file which contains the locations of fibers for the laminate part to be built; and the second surface has the second topographic data which corresponds to the first surface, having the first topographic data; and aligning, by a processor: the first surface which includes the first topographic data of the first surface from the data file which contains the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built; the second surface which includes the second topographic data of the second surface from the data file which contains data from the scan performed on the second surface of the as-built laminate part; and the location of the fibers for the laminate part to be built from the data file which contains the locations of the fibers within the laminate part to be built; determining, by a processor, a first elevation of a first point on the first surface and a second elevation of a second point on the second surface, wherein: the first point is from the data file which contains the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built which includes the first surface with first topographic data; the second point is from the data file from the scan performed on the second surface having the second topographic data of the second surface of the as-built laminate part; and the first point and the second point have a same point of reference in a common horizontal plane of reference and the planned dimensioned representation of the laminate part to be built, the as-built part, the first point, and the second point have a same common vertical plane of reference; and causing to be presented to a user via a display a visual representation, representing: the first surface, the second surface, and the locations of the fibers in alignment; and an indication of the first elevation relative to the second elevation in analyzing the surface of the laminate part. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of receiving by a processor the data file which contains the locations of fibers the laminate part to be built further includes placing the data file into a numerical control data file used for instructing an automated fiber placement machine to place fibers within the laminate part to be built. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of receiving by a processor the data file which contains the locations of fibers within the laminate part to be built further identifies the location of any deviation from a standard configuration between two adjacent fibers positioned in a ply of the laminate part to be built. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the step of receiving by a processor the data file which contains the locations of fibers within the laminate part to be built further includes identifying the location of an increased spacing from the standard configuration between at least two adjacent fibers within the ply. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the step of receiving by a processor the data file which contains the locations of fiber within the laminate part to be built further includes identifying a location of an overlap of two adjacent fibers within the ply. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of receiving by a processor a data file which contains the planned dimensioned representation of a laminate part to be built further includes the data file being a computer aided design file. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of receiving by a processor a data file which contains the planned dimensioned representation of a laminate part to be built further includes receiving of the data file without containing fiber location data. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of receiving by a processor the data file from the scan performed on a second surface further includes performing the scan with a laser scanner. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of aligning includes aligning the first surface, the second surface and the locations of the fibers within the laminate part to be built with respect to the common horizontal plane of reference and a common vertical plane of reference. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the step of causing to be presented to a user via a display further includes displaying a difference in elevation with respect to the first elevation and the second elevation using a color coding such that a color will designate a predetermined range of difference in elevation between the first elevation and the second elevation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the second surface includes use of a laser scanner.