# US 11,306,436 B2 · Process for treating dregs, treated dregs, use thereof, process for vulcanizing rubber, and vulcanized rubber

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- Number: US 11,306,436 B2
- Document ID: US11306436B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/338,155
- Filed: 2017-09-27
- Published: 2020-01-23
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2016-09-30
- Assignees: OXITEC Participaçäo e Gesto de Ativos näo Financeiros Ltda.
- Applicants: OXITEC Participação e Gestão de Ativos não Financeiros Ltda.
- Inventors: Sandro Antônio Scodro
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11306436B2

## CPC

- C08K 3/22: of metals
- D21C 11/0078: {Treatment of green or white liquors with other means or other compounds than gases, e.g. in order to separate solid compounds such as sodium chloride and carbonate from these liquors; Further treatment of these compounds (fractionating of spent liquors D21C11/0042)}
- B09B 3/35: Shredding, crushing or cutting
- B29C 35/02: Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing {during moulding, e.g. in a mould}(cold vulcanisation B29C35/18 {; vulcanising tyres, presses therefor B29D30/0601})
- B60C 1/00: Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- C08F 210/02: Ethene
- C08J 3/24: Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules (mechanical aspects B29C35/00; crosslinking agents C08K)
- C08J 5/00: Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances (manufacture of semi-permeable membranes B01D67/00 - B01D71/00)
- C08K 13/02: Organic and inorganic ingredients
- C08L 7/00: Compositions of natural rubber
- C08L 9/06: Copolymers with styrene
- C08L 23/22: Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber; Homopolymers or copolymers of other iso-olefins
- C08L 25/06: Polystyrene
- C09C 1/28: Compounds of silicon {(C09C1/0009, C09C1/0015, C09C1/0078 take precedence)}
- C09J 123/08: Copolymers of ethene (C09J123/16 takes precedence)
- D21D 1/34: Other mills or refiners
- C08J 2307/00: Characterised by the use of natural rubber
- C08J 2309/02: Copolymers with acrylonitrile
- C08J 2309/06: Copolymers with styrene
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- D21C: PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- B09B: DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00)
- B60C: VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- C08F: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- C09C: TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES (treatment of materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone C04B14/00, C04B18/00, C04B20/00); PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK {; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS}
- C09J: ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES (preparation of glue or gelatine C09H)
- D21D: TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE

## Abstract

Provided herein is a process for treating dregs for the application thereof as vulcanization activator of rubbers, putting an end to this residue generated in the cellulose industry and providing vulcanized rubbers with similar or enhanced properties in relation to those already known. The process for treating dregs includes the steps of: (a) drying the dregs; and (b) micronization of the dry dregs to an average particle size (d50) from 2 to 45 micrometers. Further provided herein are treated dregs, a use of treated dregs as vulcanization activator, and a process for vulcanizing rubber and the vulcanized rubber.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of using treated dregs, the method comprising using the treated dregs as rubber vulcanization activators, the treated dregs comprising an average particle size (d50) from 2 to 45 micrometers and comprising, in % by mass based on the treated dregs:
SiO2: 0.5 to 2.0;
Al2O3: 0.5 to 1.5;
Fe2O3: 0.5 to 1.5;
TiO2: 0.0 to 1.0;
CaO: 35 to 50;
MgO: 2 to 20;
K2O: 0.0 to 1.0;
Na2O: 0.5 to 5.0;
P2O5: 0.2 to 1.5;
BaO: 0.0 to 0.2;
SrO: 0.0 to 0.5;
MnO: 0.1 to 2.0; and
SO3: 0.5 to 5.0,
the treated dregs presenting a Loss on Ignition (LOI) from 35 to 45.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, further comprising using the treated dregs in contents of 1 to 5 parts of treated dregs per 100 parts of rubber to be vulcanized.