# US 11,305,486 B2 · Dispersion and jettable composition containing metal oxide nanoparticles > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,305,486 B2 - Document ID: US11305486B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/074,284 - Filed: 2017-08-30 - Published: 2021-06-24 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-10-25 - Assignees: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. - Applicants: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. - Inventors: Alexey S. Kabalnov; Stephen G. Rudisill - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11305486B2 ## CPC - B29C 64/165: using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber - B29C 37/0025: {Applying surface layers, e.g. coatings, decorative layers, printed layers, to articles during shaping, e.g. in-mould printing (moulding on preformed layers as inserts B29C70/68; applying fluent material to surfaces in general B05)} - B29C 64/264: Arrangements for irradiation - B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing - B33Y 70/10: Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials - B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing - B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites - C09D 11/033: characterised by the solvent - C09D 11/037: characterised by the pigment - C09D 11/322: Pigment inks - C09D 11/324: containing carbon black - C09D 11/328: characterised by dyes - C09D 11/38: characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes - B22F 10/14: by jetting of binder onto a bed of metal powder - B29K 2033/04: Polymers of esters - B29K 2105/251: {Particles, powder or granules (expandable particles B29K2105/046)} - B29K 2509/00: Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups {B29K2503/00 - B29K2507/00,} as filler - B29K 2995/002: Coloured - Y02P 10/25: Process efficiency - B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00) - B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - B22F: WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER (making alloys by powder metallurgy C22C); APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER - B29K: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR {MOULDS, } REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract Disclosed herein is a water-based dispersion, which includes metal oxide nanoparticles and a zwitterionic stabilizer. More specifically, the dispersion comprises a metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, wherein M is an alkali metal, m is greater than 0 and less than 1, M′ is any metal, and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4; a zwitterionic stabilizer; and a balance of water. Also disclosed herein is a jettable composition, which includes metal oxide nanoparticles having the formula (1) MmM′On wherein M is an alkali metal, m is greater than 0 and less than 1, M′ is any metal, and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4; a zwitterionic stabilizer; a surfactant; and a balance of water. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A dispersion, comprising: a. a metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On i. wherein M is an alkali metal, ii. m is greater than 0 and less than 1, iii. M′ is any metal, iv. and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4, wherein the metal oxide nanoparticle has an average particle size ranging from about 1 nm to about 40 nm and is present in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt %; b. a zwitterionic stabilizer present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 35 wt %; and c. a balance of water. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, the metal oxide nanoparticle absorbs infrared light in a range of from about 750 nm to about 2300 nm. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M is lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), or mixtures thereof. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M is cesium (Cs). ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M′ is tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mb), tantalum (Ta), hafnium (Hf), cerium (Ce) lanthanum (La), or mixtures thereof. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M′ is tungsten (W). ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M′ is tungsten (W), n is 3 and M is lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), or mixtures thereof. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein, in the metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On, M is cesium (Cs), m is 0.33, M′ is tungsten (W), and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 3. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein a weight ratio of the metal oxide nanoparticle to the zwitterionic stabilizer is 1:1. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein the zwitterionic stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of a C2 to C8 betaine, a C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid having a solubility of at least 10 g in 100 g of water, taurine, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The dispersion as defined in claim 10 wherein the zwitterionic stabilizer is the C2 to C8 betaine and is present in an amount ranging from about 8 wt % to about 35 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion such that a weight ratio of the metal oxide nanoparticle to the C2 to C8 betaine ranges from 1:1 to 1:2. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The dispersion as defined in claim 10 wherein the zwitterionic stabilizer is the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid, and the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is beta alanine; and the metal oxide nanoparticles and the beta-alanine are present at a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:2. ### Claim 13 A jettable composition comprising: a. metal oxide nanoparticles having the formula (1)) MmM′On i. wherein M is an alkali metal, ii. m is greater than 0 and less than 1, iii. M′ is any metal, iv. and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4, wherein the metal oxide nanoparticle has an average particle size ranging from about 1 nm to about 40 nm and is present in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt %; b. a zwitterionic stabilizer present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 35 wt %; c. a surfactant present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 4 wt %; and d. a balance of water. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The jettable composition as defined in claim 13, further comprising: a co-solvent is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 80 wt % by a total wt % of the jettable composition. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The jettable composition as defined in claim 13, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of an anti-kogation agent, a chelating agent, an antimicrobial agent, and combinations thereof; wherein the additive is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt % to about 20 wt % based on a total wt % of the jettable composition. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1 wherein: the zwitterionic stabilizer is a C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and combinations thereof, and the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 20 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion; or the zwitterionic stabilizer is taurine and is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 35 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The dispersion of claim 1, wherein: the zwitterionic stabilizer is C2 betaine; and the dispersion further comprises 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone present in an amount ranging from about 10 wt % to about 45 wt %. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The jettable composition of claim 13, wherein: the zwitterionic stabilizer is C2 betaine; a weight ratio of the metal oxide nanoparticle to the C2 betaine is 1:1.25; and the jettable composition further comprises 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone present in an amount of about 25 wt %. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The jettable composition of claim 13 wherein the zwitterionic stabilizer is a C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid that is selected from the group consisting of beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and combinations thereof; and the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 20 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion such that a weight ratio of the metal oxide nanoparticle to the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid ranges from 1:1.25 to 4:1. ### Claim 20 A jettable composition, consisting of: a. a metal oxide nanoparticle having the formula (1) MmM′On i. wherein M is an alkali metal, ii. m is greater than 0 and less than 1, iii. M′ is any metal, iv. and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4; b. a zwitterionic stabilizer, wherein: the zwitterionic stabilizer is a C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and combinations thereof, and the C2 to C8 amino-carboxylic acid is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 20 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion; or the zwitterionic stabilizer is taurine and is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 35 wt % of a total wt % of the dispersion; and c. an additive selected from the group consisting of an anti-kogation agent, a chelating agent, an antimicrobial agent, and combinations thereof; wherein the additive is present in an amount ranging from about 0 wt % to about 20 wt % based on a total wt % of the jettable composition; and a balance of water.