# US 11,305,229 B1 · CO2 sorbent materials for advanced carbon capture technologies and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma based processes

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- Number: US 11,305,229 B1
- Document ID: US11305229B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 17/139,821
- Filed: 2020-12-31
- Granted: 2022-04-19
- Earliest claimed: 2020-01-03
- Applicants: Advanced Energy Materials, LLC
- Inventors: Juan He; Tu Nguyen; Mahendra Sunkara
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11305229B1

## CPC

- B01D 53/62: Carbon oxides
- B01D 53/02: by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography {(solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01)}
- B01D 53/0462: {Temperature swing adsorption}
- B01D 53/1418: {Recovery of products}
- B01D 53/1475: {Removing carbon dioxide}
- B01D 53/81: Solid phase processes
- B01D 53/96: Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
- B01J 20/3433: {of sorbents or filter aids other than those covered by B01J20/3408 - B01J20/3425}
- B01J 20/3441: {Regeneration or reactivation by electric current, ultrasound or irradiation, e.g. electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, UV, light, microwaves}
- C01B 32/50: Carbon dioxide
- B01D 2251/302: of lithium
- B01D 2251/304: of sodium
- B01D 2251/306: of potassium
- B01D 2251/404: of calcium
- B01D 2251/60: Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D 2253/104: Alumina
- B01D 2253/112: Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
- B01D 2253/1124: Metal oxides
- B01D 2253/304: Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
- B01D 2253/34: Specific shapes
- B01D 2257/504: Carbon dioxide
- B01D 2258/0283: Flue gases
- B01D 2259/40088: by heating
- B01D 2259/40094: by applying microwaves
- B01D 2259/40098: with other heating means
- B01D 2259/818: Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- Y02C 20/40: of CO2
- Y02P 20/151: Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- Y02C: CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

The present development is a method for capturing and purifying CO2 from a flue gas stream using a metal aluminate nanowire absorbent and then regenerating the absorbent. After the CO2 is adsorbed into the absorbent, the adsorbent is regenerated by subjecting the CO2 saturated adsorbent to a dielectric barrier discharge plasma or to a microwave plasma or to a radio frequency (RF) plasma while ensuring that the external temperature does not exceed 200° C.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for capturing and purifying CO2 from a flue gas stream wherein the method comprises:
a. providing a CO2 sorbent material selected from lithium aluminate nanowires, calcium aluminate nanowires, sodium aluminate nanowires, potassium aluminate nanowires or a combination thereof;
b. packing the CO2 sorbent material in a column;
c. heating the CO2 sorbent material to a predetermined temperature;
d. allowing the flue gas stream to pass through the CO2 sorbent material in the column while maintaining the sorbent material temperature at the predetermined temperature;
e. continuing the flue gas flow through the CO2 sorbent material until the CO2 sorbent material becomes a CO2 saturated adsorbent;
f. venting the flue gas stream from the column; and,
g. regenerating the CO2 sorbent material by causing the CO2 saturated adsorbent to desorb.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined temperature is from about 15° C. to about 300° C.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein the predetermined temperature is from about 40° C. to about 200° C.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the heating of the CO2 sorbent material to a predetermined temperature is accomplished using internal means.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the heating of the CO2 sorbent material to a predetermined temperature is accomplished using external means.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein the means for heating the CO2 sorbent material is selected from a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma or a microwave plasma or a radio frequency (RF) plasma.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 wherein the means for heating the CO2 sorbent material is selected from steam heating, heating elements, heat jacket, heat blanket, a furnace or a combination thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein regenerating the CO2 sorbent material comprises heating of the CO2 saturated adsorbent by exposing the CO2 saturated adsorbent to a dielectric barrier discharge plasma at frequencies ranging from 1 kHz to about 30 MHz.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the frequencies range from 30 kHz to about 3 MHz.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the frequencies range from 30 kHz to about 300 kHz.

### Claim 11 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 wherein desorption of the CO2 saturated adsorbent is achieved by exposing the CO2 saturated adsorbent to a dielectric barrier discharge plasma for from 0.1 minute to 100 minutes.

### Claim 12 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 wherein the exposure to the DBD plasma alternates in on-off cycles with on periods of 0.1 minute to 100 minutes and off periods of 0.1 minute to 100 minutes.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the exposure to the DBD plasma alternates in on-off cycles with on periods of 0.1 minute to 20 minutes and off periods of 0.1 minute to 20 minutes.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13 wherein the on period is from 0.1 minute to 5 minutes and the off period is from 0.1 minute to 20 minutes.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein desorption of the CO2 saturated adsorbent is achieved by exposing the CO2 saturated adsorbent to a microwave plasma for about 30 seconds with humid air as carrier gas.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein desorption of the CO2 saturated adsorbent is achieved by exposing the CO2 saturated adsorbent to a radio frequency (RF) plasma exposure for 3 minutes.