# US 11,305,125 B2 · Implantable medical device with gyroscope > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,305,125 B2 - Document ID: US11305125B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/535,890 - Filed: 2019-08-08 - Published: 2020-01-02 - Granted: 2022-04-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-10-27 - Assignees: Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. - Applicants: Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. - Inventors: Bin Mi; Pramodsingh Hirasingh Thakur; Jeffrey E. Stahmann; Keith R. Maile; Qi An; Brendan Early Koop; Yinghong Yu; Viktoria A. Averina; Michael J. Kane; Krzysztof Z. Siejko - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11305125B2 ## CPC - A61N 1/36578: {controlled by mechanical motion of the heart wall, e.g. measured by an accelerometer or microphone} - A61B 5/00: Measuring for diagnostic purposes (radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00); Identification of persons - A61B 5/02028: {Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction} - A61B 5/1121: {Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement} - A61B 5/29: for permanent or long-term implantation - A61N 1/3756: {Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators} - G01C 19/38: with north-seeking action by other than magnetic means, e.g. gyrocompasses using earth's rotation - G06F 3/0346: with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a three-dimensional [3D] space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors - A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition - A61B 5/0215: by means inserted into the body - A61B 5/366: Detecting abnormal QRS complex, e.g. widening - A61B 5/4839: {combined with drug delivery} - A61B 2562/0219: Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches - A61N 1/37252: {Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data} - A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B) - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - G01C: MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY (measuring liquid level G01F; radio navigation, determining distance or velocity by use of propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effects, propagation time, of radio waves, analogous arrangements using other waves G01S) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract An implantable medical device (IMD) that includes a housing, a first electrode secured relative to the housing, a second electrode secured relative to the housing, and a gyroscope secured relative to the housing. The IMD may include circuitry in the housing in communication with the first electrode, the second electrode, and the gyroscope. The circuitry may be configured to determine and store a plurality of torsion data measurements, from which a representation of a twist profile may be determined. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) configured to sense cardiac activity and to pace a patient's heart, the LCP comprising: a housing; an electrode secured relative to the housing and exposed to an environment outside of the housing; a gyroscope disposed within the housing; a controller disposed within the housing in communication with the electrode and the gyroscope, the controller configured to: pace the patient's heart using the electrode; determine a twisting profile of the patient's heart over one or more cardiac cycles based at least in part on data obtained from the gyroscope; determine a correlation between the determined twisting profile and one or more additional cardiac parameters, wherein the one or more additional cardiac parameters include one or more of a dP/dt, a heart sound, a blood flow, a respiration, a heart chamber volume, a pressure-volume (PV) loop, a volume-volume (VV) loop, a QRS signal width and a cardiac shorting; determine a status of the patient's heart based at least in part on the determined twisting profile and the determined correlation between the determined twisting profile and one or more of the additional cardiac parameters; and communicate the status of the patient's heart to an external device. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a systolic and/or diastolic heart failure condition. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises an aortic stenosis condition. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a mitral regurgitation condition. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a transmural infarction condition. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a subendocardial ischemia condition. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a cardiomyopathy condition. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a constrictive pericarditis condition. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises an ejection fraction condition. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the twisting profile includes one or more of a degree of twist, a twist velocity, a twist vector, and a twist angle. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to update the twisting profile at a predefined regular interval. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The LCP of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to update the twisting profile in response to a detected change in one or more of exercise and posture. ### Claim 13 An implantable medical device for implantation in a patient's heart, comprising: a housing; a gyroscope disposed within the housing; a controller disposed within the housing and operatively coupled to the gyroscope, the controller is configured to: deliver a therapy to the patient's heart; determine one or more torsional parameters associated with the patient's heart based at least in part on data obtained from the gyroscope; store a correlation between the one or more torsional parameters and one or more arrhythmias, the correlation taking into account one or more of cardiac preload, cardiac afterload and cardiac contractility of the patient's heart; determine a status of the patient's heart based at least in part on the determined one or more torsional parameters and the determined correlation between the one or more torsional parameters and one or more arrhythmias; and report the status of the patient's heart. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The implantable medical device of claim 13, wherein the one or more torsional parameters comprises one or more of a twist velocity, a twist vector, and a twist angle. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The implantable medical device of claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to update the one or more torsional parameters at a predefined regular interval and/or in response to a detected change in one or more of exercise and posture of the patient. ### Claim 16 A method for monitoring cardiac dysfunction of a patient's heart using a leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) secured to the patient's heart, wherein the LCP includes a housing, an electrode secured relative to the housing and exposed to an environment outside of the housing, and a gyroscope, disposed within the housing, comprising: storing a plurality of twisting templates for the patient's heart based at least in part on data obtained from the gyroscope of the leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP), each of the plurality of twisting templates representing one or more twisting characteristics of the patient's heart under a different one of a plurality of states or conditions of the patient; determining a twisting profile over one or more cardiac cycles based at least in part on data obtained from the gyroscope of the leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP); determining a current state or condition of the patient; determine a status of the patient's heart by comparing the determined twisting profile with a twisting template of the plurality of twisting templates that corresponds to the current state or condition of the patient; and communicate the status of the patient's heart to an external device. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the twisting profile includes at least one of a degree of twist, a twist velocity, a twist vector, and a twist angle. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the status of the patient's heart comprises a systolic and/or diastolic heart failure condition.