# US 11,299,761 B2 · Nickel alloys for biosensors > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,299,761 B2 - Document ID: US11299761B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/073,876 - Filed: 2020-10-19 - Published: 2021-02-04 - Granted: 2022-04-12 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-23 - Assignees: Materion Corporation - Applicants: Materion Corporation - Inventors: Kevin V. Goodwin; Robert R. Newton; Ian S. Tribick; Ethan Fontaine - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11299761B2 ## CPC - C12Q 1/006: {for glucose} - C22C 19/00: Alloys based on nickel or cobalt - C22C 19/007: {with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent} - C22C 19/058: {without Mo and W} - C23C 14/205: {by cathodic sputtering} - A61B 5/14532: {for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement} - A61B 5/1468: using chemical or electrochemical methods, e.g. by polarographic means - A61B 2562/12: Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements - C12Q: MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES - C22C: ALLOYS (treatment of alloys C21D, C22F) - C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04) - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract The present disclosure relates to metal alloys for biosensors. An electrode is made from the metal alloy, which more specifically can be a nickel-based alloy. The alloy provides physical and electrical property advantages when compared with existing pure metal electrodes. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A metal alloy comprised in a thin-film electrode of a biosensor for measuring an analyte in a biological fluid, the metal alloy of the electrode comprising: nickel; and a first alloying element, wherein the first alloying element is selected from the group consisting of: chromium, aluminum, gold, molybdenum, ruthenium, and tantalum. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 20 at % to about 95 at % nickel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The alloy of claim 2, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 5 at % to about 80 at % of the first alloying element. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The alloy of claim 2, wherein the metal alloy is a ternary alloy further comprising a second alloying element, wherein the first alloying element and the second alloying element are each selected from the group consisting of aluminum, ruthenium, and tantalum, and titanium, and together the first alloying element and the second alloying element comprise from about 5 at % to about 80 at % of the metal alloy. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 55 at % to about 95 at % nickel. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 55 at % to about 65 at % nickel. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 65 at % to about 85 at % nickel. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 75 at % to about 95 at % nickel. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 85 at % to about 95 at % nickel. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy is a binary alloy consisting essentially of (a) about 55 at % to about 95 at % nickel and (b) about 5 at % to about 45 at % of either aluminum, chromium, tantalum, or ruthenium. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The alloy of claim 1, wherein the metal alloy is a binary alloy consisting essentially of (a) about 45 at % to about 95 at % nickel and (b) about 5 at % to about 55 at % of ruthenium. ### Claim 12 A biosensor that measures an analyte in a biological fluid, comprising: a metal alloy is nickel and a first alloying element; and the first alloying element is selected from the group consisting of chromium, aluminum, gold, molybdenum, ruthenium, and tantalum. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 20 at % to about 95 at % nickel. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the metal alloy comprises from about 55 at % to about 95 at % of the first alloying element. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the metal alloy is a ternary alloy further comprising a second alloying element, wherein the first alloying element and the second alloying element are each selected from the group consisting of aluminum, ruthenium, tantalum, and together the first alloying element and the second alloying element comprise from about 45 at % to about 80 at % of the metal alloy. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The biosensor of claim 15, wherein the metal alloy is a quaternary alloy further comprising a third alloying element, wherein the first alloying element, the second alloying element, and the third alloying element are each selected from the group consisting of aluminum, chromium, ruthenium, tantalum, and titanium, and together with the first alloying element, the second alloying element, and the third alloying element comprise from about 45 at % to 80 at %. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the metal alloy is a binary alloy consisting essentially of (a) about 55 at % to about 95 at % nickel and (b) about 5 at % to about 45 at % of either aluminum, chromium, tantalum, or ruthenium. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the metal alloy is a binary alloy consisting essentially of (a) about 45 at % to about 95 at % nickel and (b) about 5 at % to about 55 at % of ruthenium.