# US 11,299,429 B2 · Electrochromic device including lithium-rich anti-perovskite material

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- Number: US 11,299,429 B2
- Document ID: US11299429B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/883,000
- Filed: 2020-05-26
- Published: 2020-09-10
- Granted: 2022-04-12
- Earliest claimed: 2017-06-15
- Assignees: Heliotrope Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: Heliotrope Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Adrian Winoto; Douglas Weir; Guillermo Garcia; Jason K. Holt; Amir Bayati; Bonil Koo; Hai Wang
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11299429B2

## CPC

- C04B 35/5152: {based on halogenides other than fluorides}
- B32B 9/005: {comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile (layered products with at least two ceramic layers composed mainly of ceramic B32B18/00)}
- B32B 9/007: {comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon}
- B32B 9/045: {of synthetic resin}
- B32B 17/06: comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific {material}
- B32B 17/10036: {comprising two outer glass sheets}
- B32B 17/10211: {Doped dielectric layer, electrically conductive, e.g. SnO2:F}
- B32B 17/10513: {Electrochromic layer}
- B32B 17/10614: {comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing}
- B32B 18/00: Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
- B32B 27/08: of synthetic resin
- C04B 35/553: based on fluorides
- E06B 3/6722: {with adjustable passage of light}
- E06B 9/24: Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; {Slat blinds}(operating, guiding or securing devices or arrangements for roll-type closures E06B9/56; free-hanging flexible screens A47H23/00)
- G02F 1/1514: characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F 1/1523: comprising inorganic material
- G02F 1/155: Electrodes
- B32B 2255/10: on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
- B32B 2255/20: Inorganic coating
- B32B 2255/205: Metallic coating
- B32B 2255/26: Polymeric coating
- B32B 2255/28: Multiple coating on one surface
- B32B 2307/202: Conductive
- B32B 2307/206: Insulating
- B32B 2307/412: Transparent
- B32B 2307/71: Resistive to light or to UV
- B32B 2457/00: Electrical equipment
- C04B 2235/3203: Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2237/704: of one or more of the ceramic layers or articles
- E06B 2009/2464: {featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels}
- G02F 2001/1555: {Counter electrode}
- G02F 2201/086: UV absorbing
- C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- E06B: FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES (shades or blinds for greenhouses A01G9/22; curtains A47H; lids for car boots or bonnets B62D25/10; skylights E04B7/18; sunshades, awnings E04F10/00)
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS

## Abstract

An electrochromic device includes a light transmissive first substrate, a working electrode disposed on the first substrate, a light transmissive second substrate facing the first substrate, a counter electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a lithium-rich anti-perovskite (LiRAP) material disposed between the first and second substrates. The LiRAP material includes an ionically conductive and electrically insulating LiRAP material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrochromic (EC) device comprising:
a light transmissive first substrate;
a working electrode disposed on the first substrate;
a light transmissive second substrate facing the first substrate;
a counter electrode disposed on the second substrate;
a solid state electrolyte including a polymer material disposed between the counter electrode and the working electrode; and
a lithium-rich anti-perovskite (LiRAP) material disposed between the first and second substrates, the LiRAP material comprising an ionically conductive and electrically insulating LiRAP material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material is represented by the formula Li3OX, wherein X is F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material comprises Li3OI.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material comprises a LiRAP layer disposed between the electrolyte and the counter electrode.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material comprises a LiRAP layer disposed between the electrolyte and the working electrode.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material comprises:
a first LiRAP layer disposed between the electrolyte and the counter electrode; and
a second LiRAP layer disposed between the electrolyte and the working electrode.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein:
the working electrode comprises transition metal oxide nanostructures; and
the LiRAP material forms a matrix in which nanostructures of the working electrode are disposed, the LiRAP material and the nanostructures of the working electrode form a composite working electrode, or the LiRAP material forms shells around the nanostructures of the working electrode.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material is configured to reduce or prevent side reactions between the working electrode and the solid state electrolyte disposed between the counter electrode and the working electrode.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material is configured to reduce or prevent generation of gas bubbles in the solid state electrolyte disposed between the counter electrode and the working electrode.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material is configured to reduce or prevent ultraviolet photochromic darkening of the working electrode.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The EC device of claim 1, wherein the LiRAP material is formed from a precursor mixture comprising LiNO3 and LiI.

### Claim 12

A method of making an electrochromic (EC) device, comprising:
providing a light transmissive first substrate;
providing a precursor mixture comprising at least one lithium salt of a lithium-rich anti-perovskite (LiRAP) precursor material and transition metal oxide nanostructures in a solvent on the first substrate;
annealing the precursor mixture to form a working electrode on the first substrate;
providing a light transmissive second substrate;
forming a counter electrode on the second substrate; and
forming a solid state electrolyte including a polymer material between the counter electrode and the working electrode.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein:
the at least one lithium salt comprises an oxygen-containing lithium salt and a halogen salt of lithium; and
the transition metal oxide nanostructures comprise tungsten oxide nanostructures.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one lithium salt comprises LiNO3 and LiI.