# US 11,298,680 B2 · High permeability media mix (HPMM) for phosphorous and nitrogen removal from contaminated waters > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,298,680 B2 - Document ID: US11298680B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/324,999 - Filed: 2017-08-14 - Published: 2019-07-25 - Granted: 2022-04-12 - Earliest claimed: 2016-08-12 - Assignees: University of Maryland, College Park; Paverguide, Inc. - Applicants: University of Maryland; Paverguide, Inc. - Inventors: Allen P. Davis; Travis Ostrom; Charles White - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11298680B2 ## CPC - B01J 20/2803: {Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products} - B01J 20/02: comprising inorganic material - B01J 20/041: {Oxides or hydroxides} - B01J 20/103: {comprising silica} - B01J 20/12: Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth - B01J 20/18: Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves - B01J 20/20: comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes - B01J 20/28016: {Particle form} - B01J 20/3028: {Granulating, agglomerating or aggregating} - C02F 1/281: {using inorganic sorbents} - C02F 1/288: {using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered} - B01J 2220/4875: the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition - B01J 2220/4887: Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes - C02F 1/283: {using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them} - C02F 2101/105: {Phosphorus compounds} - C02F 2101/16: Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia - C02F 2101/20: Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds - C02F 2103/001: {Runoff or storm water} - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C02F: TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (separation in general B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F9/04; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes) ## Abstract A retention media for removing substances from water that includes an aggregate; at least one granular adsorbing material capable of adsorbing nutrients and metals; and a psyllium, wherein the psyllium performs as a binder to adhere the at least one granular adsorbing material to the aggregate to form a high permeability media mix is disclosed. A method of manufacturing a media mix is disclosed that includes creating a dry mixture of aggregate, at least one granular absorbing material, and a psyllium; and saturating the dry mixture with water to create a bond between the at least one granular absorbing material, and the aggregate via the psyllium thereby forming a high permeability media mix (HPMM). A method of using a media mix to reduce concentration of substances in water includes installing materials over granular adsorbing material, aggregate; and psyllium to reduce concentration of phosphorous or nitrogen or metals in the water. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A retention media for removing substances from water, comprising: an aggregate selected from the group consisting of expanded shale, expanded clay, expanded slate, stone, zeolite, slag, and combinations thereof; at least one adsorbing material capable of adsorbing nutrients and metals; wherein the at least one adsorbing material comprises a material having a chemical composition enabling the at least one adsorbing material to act through one of ligand exchange or ion exchange or hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic partitioning or combinations thereof; and psyllium, as a binding material, wherein the binding material acts as a binder to adhere the at least one adsorbing material to the aggregate to form a high permeability media mix wherein the at least one adsorbing material is selected from the group consisting of water treatment residual (WTR), zeolite, activated carbon, aluminum-containing adsorbent compounds, iron-containing adsorbent compounds, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The retention media according to claim 1 wherein the psyllium, when activated by water, forms a gelatinous mass which acts as a binder to adhere the at least one adsorbing material to the aggregate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The retention media according to claim 2, wherein the content of the psyllium is 0.8%-1.2%. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The retention media of claim 2, wherein the aggregate, the at least one adsorbing material, the psyllium, and the water are mixed by hand or in a device capable of blending the retention media. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The retention media of claim 4, further comprising a permeable pavement surface located above said retention media, wherein said retention media is configured to remove substances from water that enters said retention media through said permeable pavement surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The retention media of claim 4, wherein the retention media is placed in an infiltration trench exposed to meteorological events to remove substances from water. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The retention media according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is expanded shale, and the at least one adsorbing material is an aluminum-containing absorbent compound. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The retention media of claim 7, wherein the at least one adsorbing material includes iron. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The retention media according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is expanded shale, the at least one adsorbing material is water treatment residual, and the binding material is psyllium. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The retention media according to claim 9, wherein the at least one adsorbing material includes activated carbon. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The retention media according to claim 9, wherein the at least one adsorbing material includes zeolite. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The retention media according to claim 9, wherein content of the WTR is 5%-15%. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The retention media according to claim 9, wherein the psyllium content is 0.8%-1.2%. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The retention media according to claim 1, wherein the at least one adsorbing material is a material having a chemical composition enabling the at least one adsorbing material to remove from water one of phosphorous species or nitrogen species or heavy metals or combinations thereof. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The retention media of claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing adsorbent compounds are selected from alum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxides, aluminum chlorides, or combinations thereof.