# US 11,298,110 B2 ยท Doppler measurement system and method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server โ€” see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,298,110 B2 - Document ID: US11298110B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/079,926 - Filed: 2017-02-24 - Published: 2019-02-14 - Granted: 2022-04-12 - Earliest claimed: 2016-02-26 - Assignees: Omar Mansour; James Lacefield - Applicants: Omar Mansour; James Lacefield - Inventors: Omar Mansour; James Lacefield - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11298110B2 ## CPC - A61B 8/488: {involving Doppler signals} - A61B 8/06: Measuring blood flow - A61B 8/4488: {the transducer being a phased array} - A61B 8/4494: {characterised by the arrangement of the transducer elements} - A61B 8/463: {characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display} - G01F 1/66: by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters - G01F 1/663: by measuring Doppler frequency shift - G01S 7/52095: {using multiline receive beamforming} - G01S 15/50: Systems of measurement, based on relative movement of the target - G01S 15/8927: {using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures} - G01S 15/8977: {using special techniques for image reconstruction, e.g. FFT, geometrical transformations, spatial deconvolution, time deconvolution} - G01S 15/8979: {Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems} - G01S 15/8981: {Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds, e.g. wall clutter filter} - G01S 15/8984: {Measuring the velocity vector} - G01S 15/8988: {Colour Doppler imaging} - A61B 8/5246: {combining images from the same or different imaging techniques, e.g. color Doppler and B-mode} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - G01F: MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES ## Abstract A Doppler measurement system includes a random generator outputting a control signal encoding a random selection, and an ultrasonic array transducer for emitting a sequence of transmit pulses at a target at either an adjustable steering angle (plane wave imaging) or from a selectable non-sequential transducer element order (synthetic aperture imaging) corresponding to the random selection and for receiving an echo of each transmit pulse reflected from the target. Each transmit pulse is independently adjusted to a steering angle (plane wave imaging) or selectable transducer element order (synthetic aperture imaging) corresponding to a unique random selection so that the sequence of transmit pulses is a random sweep. The system can also include a memory for storing echo data, and a processor connected to the memory for using transmit data and echo data to extract a Doppler parameter. Methods of Doppler measurement and computer-readable medium can incorporating the measurement system. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A Doppler shift measurement system comprising: a random generator outputting a control signal encoding a random selection; an ultrasonic array transducer for emitting a sequence of transmit pulses at a target and for receiving an echo of each transmit pulse reflected from the target, each transmit pulse independently adjusted to an adjustable steering angle corresponding to a unique random selection so that the sequence of transmit pulses is a random sweep; the sequence of transmit pulses comprises a plurality of subsequences, each of the plurality of subsequences comprising a unique random ordering of a common set of the adjustable steering angles; a memory for storing echo data; a processor connected to the memory for using echo data to extract a Doppler parameter; and a display for providing a visual representation of the Doppler parameter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising a clutter filter applied to the echo data, the clutter filter comprising a comb filter applied after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of subsequences is at least four subsequences. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising a clutter filter applied to the echo data, after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to extract the Doppler parameter at a maximum slow-time sampling rate equal to the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). ### Claim 6 A Doppler shift measurement system comprising: a random generator outputting a control signal encoding a random selection; an ultrasonic array transducer for emitting a sequence of transmit pulses at a target and for receiving an echo of each transmit pulse reflected from the target, each transmit pulse independently adjusted to an adjustable steering angle corresponding to a unique random selection so that the sequence of transmit pulses is a random sweep; a memory for storing echo data; a processor connected to the memory for using echo data to extract a Doppler parameter; and a display for providing a visual representation of the Doppler parameter; wherein a conventional two-step process of compounding a plurality of first images to form a second image, and then using a plurality of the second images as a Doppler ensemble to produce a Doppler image, is replaced with a single step that uses the plurality of first images, acquired using the random sequence of steering angles, as the Doppler ensemble to directly produce the Doppler image, each second image of the plurality of the second images having a higher spatial resolution than each first image of the plurality of the first images. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, wherein the sequence of transmit pulses of a length N provides a maximum clutter suppression equal to โˆš{square root over (N)}. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, further comprising a clutter filter applied to the echo data, the clutter filter comprising a comb filter applied after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, further comprising a clutter filter applied to the echo data, after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to extract the Doppler parameter at a maximum slow-time sampling rate equal to the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). ### Claim 11 A Doppler shift measurement method comprising: selecting a random steering angle; transmitting a plurality of ultrasonic transmit pulses directed by a random sequence of adjustable steering angles; the random sequence of adjustable steering angles comprises a plurality of subsequences, each of the plurality of subsequences comprising a unique random ordering of a common set of the adjustable steering angles; receiving echo data corresponding to each transmit pulse; storing the echo data in memory; using the stored echo data to extract a Doppler parameter; and displaying a visual representation of the Doppler parameter. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising applying a clutter filter to the echo data, the clutter filter comprising a comb filter applied after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the plurality of subsequences is at least four subsequences. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising reordering the echo data such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of a random sweep and further comprising filtering the reordered echo data. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein a maximum slow-time sampling rate for extracting the Doppler parameter is equal to the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). ### Claim 16 A Doppler shift measurement method comprising: selecting a random steering angle; transmitting a plurality of ultrasonic transmit pulses directed by a random sequence of adjustable steering angles; receiving echo data corresponding to each transmit pulse; storing the echo data in memory; using the stored echo data to extract a Doppler parameter; and displaying a visual representation of the Doppler parameter; producing a Doppler flow image that does not comprise a two-step process of compounding a plurality of first images to form a second image, and then using a plurality of the second images as a Doppler ensemble to produce the Doppler flow image, but instead comprises a one-step process that uses the plurality of first images, acquired using the random sequence of transmit steering angles, as the Doppler ensemble to directly produce the high resolution Doppler flow image, each second image of the plurality of the second images having a higher spatial resolution than each first image of the plurality of the first images. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the sequence of transmit pulses of a length N provides a maximum clutter suppression equal to โˆš{square root over (N)}. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising applying a clutter filter to the echo data, the clutter filter comprising a comb filter applied after the echo data is reordered such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of the random sweep. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising reordering the echo data such that a corresponding sequence of steering angles follow a linear-sequence sweep instead of a random sweep and further comprising filtering the reordered echo data. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein a maximum slow-time sampling rate for extracting the Doppler parameter is equal to the pulse repetition frequency (PRF).