# US 11,298,075 B2 · Physiological monitoring method and system

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- Number: US 11,298,075 B2
- Document ID: US11298075B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/133,694
- Filed: 2013-12-19
- Published: 2015-06-25
- Granted: 2022-04-12
- Earliest claimed: 2013-12-19
- Assignees: Apple Inc.
- Applicants: Apple Inc.
- Inventors: Joonas Paalasmaa; Lasse Leppäkorpi; Juhani Palttala
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11298075B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/4815: {Sleep quality}
- A61B 5/0022: {Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet}
- A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B 5/11: Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb {(A61B5/1038 takes precedence; motion detection to correct for motion artifacts in physiological signals A61B5/721)}
- A61B 5/1115: {Monitoring leaving of a patient support, e.g. a bed or a wheelchair}
- A61B 5/1118: {Determining activity level}
- A61B 5/4806: {Sleep evaluation (A61B5/4821 takes precedence; devices for inducing sleep A61M21/02)}
- A61B 5/6891: {Furniture}
- A61B 5/7282: {Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition (cough events A61B5/0823; seizures A61B5/4094; sleep apnoea A61B5/4818)}
- A61B 5/024: Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B 5/05: Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves (measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24)
- A61B 5/08: Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B 5/0816: {Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency (measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00)}
- A61B 5/113: occurring during breathing
- A61B 5/7246: {using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity}
- A61B 2562/0204: Acoustic sensors
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

A method and system of physiological monitoring, includes measuring a quantity relating to a first subject with a first sensor positioned in or in proximity of the first subject and configured to provide a first signal, measuring a quantity relating to a second subject with a second sensor positioned in or in proximity of the second subject and configured to provide a second signal, and analyzing the first and the second signal and the interrelation of the first and second signal in order to determine at least one event relating to the first and/or the second subject.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of sleep monitoring, comprising:
monitoring, using a first sensor positioned closer to a first subject than a second subject, a first sleep parameter relating to the first subject, the first sensor configured to output a first signal, the first signal at least partially based on the first sleep parameter;
monitoring, using a second sensor positioned closer to the second subject than the first subject, a second sleep parameter relating to the second subject, the second sensor configured to output a second signal, the second signal at least partially based on the second sleep parameter;
identifying a movement event in the first signal;
identifying the movement event in the second signal;
comparing, by a control unit, the first signal to the second signal, wherein comparing the first signal to the second signal comprises:
determining a first signal amplitude associated with the movement event in the first signal and a second signal amplitude associated with the movement event in the second signal;
comparing the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, and determining a time delay between the movement event detected by the first sensor and the movement event detected by the second sensor; and
based at least partially on comparing the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, and determining the time delay between the movement event detected by the first sensor and the movement event detected by the second sensor, assigning the movement event to a movement of one of the first or second subjects.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
the movement event is a first event; and
the method further comprises:
detecting, using the second sensor, a third signal occurring after the movement event;
associating the third signal with a second event assigned to the second subject;
comparing the first event and the second event; and
determining that the second event was a result of a disturbance caused by the first event.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the operation of determining that the second event was the result of the disturbance caused by the first event is based at least in part on an elapsed time between the first event and the second event.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a sleep quality of the first subject based, at least in part, on the first signal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
the first sleep parameter comprises at least one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the first subject; and
the second sleep parameter comprises at least one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the second subject.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring, using a third sensor, a third sleep parameter relating to the first subject, the third sensor configured to output a third signal based, at least in part on, the third sleep parameter;
comparing the first signal and the third signal; and
determining whether the first sleep parameter and the third sleep parameter are synchronized based at least in part on the comparing.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein:
the first sleep parameter comprises one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement or sound of the first subject; and
the third sleep parameter comprises one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement or sound of the first subject; and
the first sleep parameter is a different type of parameter than the second sleep parameter.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
the first sleep parameter comprises a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the first subject; and
the second sleep parameter comprises a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the second subject.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the first and second sleep parameters are the same.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the first and second sleep parameters are different.

### Claim 11

A system for monitoring sleep, comprising:
a first sensor positioned at a first location on or in a bed and proximate to a first subject, the first sensor configured to:
monitor a first sleep parameter relating to the first subject; and
output a first signal, the first signal at least partially based on the first sleep parameter;
a second sensor positioned at a second location on the bed and proximate to a second subject, the second sensor configured to:
monitor a second sleep parameter relating to the second subject; and
output a second signal, the second signal at least partially based on the second sleep parameter; and
a control unit operably connected to the first and second sensors, and configured to:
identify a movement event in the first signal;
identify the movement event in the second signal;
compare the first signal to the second signal by:
determining a first signal amplitude associated with the event in the first signal and a second signal amplitude associated with the event in the second signal;
comparing the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, and determining a time delay between the movement event detected by the first sensor and the movement event detected by the second sensor; and
based at least partially on comparing the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, and determining the time delay between the movement event detected by the first sensor and the movement event detected by the second sensor, assigning the event to a movement of one of the first or second subjects.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein:
the movement event is a first event; and
the control unit is further configured to:
detect, using the second sensor, a third signal occurring after the movement event;
associate the third signal with a second event assigned to the second subject;
compare the first event and the second event; and
determine that the second event was a result of a disturbance caused by the first event.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the control unit is configured to determine that the second event was the result of the disturbance caused by the first event based, at least in part, on an elapsed time between the first event and the second event.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein:
the first sensor is configured to monitor at least one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the first subject; and
the second sensor is configured to monitor at least one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement, or sound of the second subject.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, further comprising:
a third sensor, positioned at a third location and configured to:
monitor a third sleep parameter relating to the first subject; and
output a third signal at least partially based on the third sleep parameter;
wherein the control unit is further configured to:
compare the first signal and the third signal; and
based at least partially on the comparison, determine whether the first sleep parameter and the third sleep parameter are synchronized.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The system of claim 15, wherein:
the first sensor is configured to measure one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement or sound of the first subject; and
the third sensor is configured to measure a different one of a heart rate, a respiration, a movement or sound of the first subject.