# US 11,298,055 B2 · In vivo, noninvasive, bioelectromagnetic glucose sensor system and method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,298,055 B2 - Document ID: US11298055B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/305,787 - Filed: 2021-07-14 - Published: 2022-01-20 - Granted: 2022-04-12 - Earliest claimed: 2020-07-14 - Applicants: Harvey W. Ko - Inventors: Harvey W. Ko - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11298055B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/14532: {for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement} - A61B 5/01: Measuring temperature of body parts {; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue} (clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20) - A61B 5/05: Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves (measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24) - A61B 5/14535: {for measuring haematocrit} - A61B 5/14542: {for measuring blood gases (A61B5/14551 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/6826: {Finger} - A61B 5/6838: {Clamps or clips} - A61B 5/7203: {for noise prevention, reduction or removal} - A61B 5/742: {using visual displays (displays for heart-related electrical signals, e.g. ECG, A61B5/339)} - A61B 5/02416: {using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation (A61B5/14552 takes precedence)} - A61B 2562/0223: Magnetic field sensors - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract A noninvasive glucose monitoring device includes a drive-and-sense coil and an electronic oscillator with multiple circuits electrically connected to the coil. The drive-and-sense coil may be embedded in either a finger clip or a finger push button. The device measures bioimpedance with a magnetic field coil outside a user's finger. The coil measures blood and glucose electrical conductivity without penetrating the finger. No blood extraction is required. A noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo includes placing the drive-and-sense coil next to a subject's finger and inducing magnetic fields in blood in the subject's finger. A change in mutual impedance between the drive-and-sense coil and the blood is measured at predetermined frequencies and glucose content is calculated from the change in mutual impedance according to a predetermined correlation for each frequency. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A noninvasive glucose monitoring system operative to measure bioimpedance with magnetic field coils outside a user's finger, comprising: a drive-and-sense coil operative to generate a magnetic field in blood in the user's finger to measure blood and glucose electrical conductivity without penetrating the user's finger or drawing blood; a finger clip or a coil button, wherein said drive-and-sense coil is contained in said finger clip or said coil button; an electronic oscillator with a plurality of circuits comprising radio frequency chokes, said electronic oscillator being in electrical communication with the drive-and-sense coil; a microcontroller; and a microprocessor; wherein the microcontroller is operative to sequentially select a plurality of radiofrequencies below about 107 Hz at which the magnetic field is generated by the drive-and-sense coil, the electronic oscillator is operative to measure a change in mutual impedance across the drive-and-sense coil for each of the plurality of radiofrequencies, and the microprocessor is operative to calculate a glucose value from the changes in mutual impedance measured by the electronic oscillator. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a component selected from the group consisting of a radiofrequency noise reducer, an oscillator stabilizer, and a combination thereof. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a component selected from the group consisting of a pulse-oximeter, a thermistor, and a combination thereof. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a display. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a data storage medium operative to store the glucose value over time. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of capacitors. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The noninvasive glucose monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a battery. ### Claim 8 A noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo, comprising: (a) placing a drive-and-sense coil adjacent to a subject's finger or pressing the subject's finger against a drive-and-sense-coil button; (b) generating an electromagnetic field with the drive-and-sense coil at a plurality of frequencies below about 107 Hz, thereby inducing electrical eddy currents in blood in the subject's finger and inducing a secondary magnetic field in the blood in the subject's finger; (c) detecting the secondary magnetic field with the drive-and-sense coil by measuring a change in mutual impedance across the drive-and-sense coil for each of the plurality of frequencies; and (d) calculating a glucose content in the blood from the change in mutual impedance according to a predetermined correlation. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo of claim 8, further comprising measuring a criterion selected from the group consisting of temperature, pulse, oxygen saturation, hematocrit level, and any combination thereof. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo of claim 8, further comprising displaying the glucose content on a digital display. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo of claim 8, further comprising a step of determining a radiofrequency background value prior to placing the drive-and-sense coil adjacent to the subject's finger or prior to pressing the subject's finger against the drive-and-sense-coil button. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The noninvasive method of measuring glucose in-vivo of claim 11, wherein the step of measuring the change in mutual impedance comprises calculating a voltage output difference between the radiofrequency background value and a voltage output attributable to glucose impedance in the subject's finger.