Pulsed illumination in a hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging system

A system for providing visualization in a light deficient environment, the system comprising:

• an endoscope;
• an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation, wherein the emitter is the only source of electromagnetic radiation in the light deficient environment;
• an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation;
• and
• a controller in electronic communication with the image sensor and the emitter configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor to generate a plurality of exposure frames;
• wherein the emitter comprises a plurality of electromagnetic sources comprising a fluorescence source for emitting an excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that causes a reagent to fluoresce and two or more of:
• a first electromagnetic source for emitting electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm and a second electromagnetic source for emitting electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm;
• or
• a first electromagnetic source for emitting electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 565 nm to about 585 nm and a second electromagnetic source for emitting electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm;
• or
• a laser mapping source for emitting a laser mapping pattern.