Optical modulating device, beam steering device, and system employing the same

An optical modulating device comprising:

• an active layer;
• a driver configured to electrically control a refraction index of the active layer;
• and
• a nano-antenna disposed on the active layer, and having a dual nano-antenna structure comprising:
• a first nano-antenna portion;
• a first electrode extending from the first nano-antenna portion at a first angle;
• a second nano-antenna portion;
• and
• a second electrode extending from the second nano-antenna portion at a second angle,
• wherein the first nano-antenna portion has a first length in a first direction, the first length being different from a second length of the second nano-antenna portion in the first direction,
• wherein the first nano-antenna portion is spaced apart from the second nano-antenna portion by a gap in a second direction crossing the first direction, and
• wherein the driver comprises a first driver electrically connected to the first nano-antenna portion, and a second driver electrically connected to the second nano-antenna portion,
• wherein the first electrode extends away from the second nano-antenna portion in the second direction without extending into the gap,
• wherein the second electrode extends away from the first nano-antenna portion in the second direction without extending into the gap,
• wherein the gap between the first nano-antenna portion and the second nano-antenna portion is formed by an empty space without including any electrode, and
• wherein the first electrode extends in a first extension direction from the first nano-antenna and the second electrode extends in a second extension direction opposite to the first extension direction from the second nano-antenna portion, the first extension direction and the second extension direction being perpendicular to the first direction.