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US 11,236,544 B2Granted
Smart window, sliding smart window, smart window for vehicle, sun visor for vehicle, smart window device, and head mounted smart window device
AssigneeNDIS Corporation
InventorsSoon Bum Kwon, Burm Young Lee, Hee Sang Yoo, Da Som Yoon
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Provided are a smart window, a sliding smart window, a smart window for a vehicle, a sun visor for a vehicle, a smart window device, and a head-mounted smart window device which have maximized user convenience.
Claims15
A smart window comprising:
- a first substrate to be located in an indoor direction and a second substrate to be located in an outdoor direction, the first substrate and the second substrate being transparent and facing each other;
- a first electrode which is transparent and a first alignment layer which is rubbed in a first direction, the first electrode and the first alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
- a second electrode which is transparent and a second alignment layer which is rubbed in a second direction different from the first direction, the second electrode and the second alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
- and
- a liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer,
- wherein, when a potential difference applied between the first electrode and the second electrode is V, a transmittance of light incident from an outside into a room in a first incident direction perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a vertical transmittance, and a transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room in a second incident direction not perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a first inclined transmittance, the first inclined transmittance is less than the vertical transmittance when V is not 0, and a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is not 0 is greater than a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is 0, and
- wherein the smart window further comprises:
- a first polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing away the second substrate;
- and
- a second polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate,
- wherein the liquid crystal layer operates in an electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) mode, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to a virtual straight line on which a virtual plane including the first incident direction and the second incident direction intersects with a surface of the second substrate in an outdoor direction, a transmission axis of the first polarizing plate is at an angle of 45° with the virtual straight line, and a transmission axis of the second polarizing plate is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate.
8 more elements
A smart window comprising:
- a first substrate to be located in an indoor direction and a second substrate to be located in an outdoor direction, the first substrate and the second substrate being transparent and facing each other;
- a first electrode which is transparent and a first alignment layer which is rubbed in a first direction, the first electrode and the first alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
- a second electrode which is transparent and a second alignment layer which is rubbed in a second direction different from the first direction, the second electrode and the second alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
- and
- a liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer,
- wherein, when a potential difference applied between the first electrode and the second electrode is V, a transmittance of light incident from an outside into a room in a first incident direction perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a vertical transmittance, and a transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room in a second incident direction not perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a first inclined transmittance, the first inclined transmittance is less than the vertical transmittance when V is not 0, and a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is not 0 is greater than a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is 0, and
- wherein the smart window further comprises:
- a first polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing away the
- second substrate;
- a second polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate;
- and
- a phase difference plate disposed over the surface of the first substrate facing away the second substrate or on the surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate,
- wherein the liquid crystal layer operates in a vertical alignment (VA) mode, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to a virtual straight line on which a virtual plane including the first incident direction and the second incident direction intersects with a surface of the second substrate in an outdoor direction, a transmission axis of the first polarizing plate is at an angle of 45° with the virtual straight line, a transmission axis of the second polarizing plate is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate, and a phase delay axis of the phase difference plate is parallel to the virtual straight line.
10 more elements
A smart window comprising:
- a first substrate to be located in an indoor direction and a second substrate to be located in an outdoor direction, the first substrate and the second substrate being transparent and facing each other;
- a first electrode which is transparent and a first alignment layer which is rubbed in a first direction, the first electrode and the first alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
- a second electrode which is transparent and a second alignment layer which is rubbed in a second direction different from the first direction, the second electrode and the second alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
- and
- a liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer,
- wherein, when a potential difference applied between the first electrode and the second electrode is V, a transmittance of light incident from an outside into a room in a first incident direction perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a vertical transmittance, and a transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room in a second incident direction not perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a first inclined transmittance, the first inclined transmittance is less than the vertical transmittance when V is not 0, and a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is not 0 is greater than a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is 0, and
- wherein the smart window further comprises:
- a first polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing away the second substrate;
- a second polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate;
- and
- a phase difference plate disposed over the surface of the first substrate facing away the second substrate or on the surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate,
- wherein the liquid crystal layer operates in a vertical alignment (VA) mode, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to a virtual straight line on which a virtual plane including the first incident direction and the second incident direction intersects with a surface of the second substrate in an outdoor direction, a transmission axis of the first polarizing plate is at an angle of 45° with the virtual straight line, a transmission axis of the second polarizing plate is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate, and a phase delay axis of the phase difference plate is perpendicular to the virtual straight line.
9 more elements
A smart window comprising:
- a first substrate to be located in an indoor direction and a second substrate to be located in an outdoor direction, the first substrate and the second substrate being transparent and facing each other;
- a first electrode which is transparent and a first alignment layer which is rubbed in a first direction, the first electrode and the first alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
- a second electrode which is transparent and a second alignment layer which is rubbed in a second direction different from the first direction, the second electrode and the second alignment layer being sequentially disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
- and
- a liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer,
- wherein, when a potential difference applied between the first electrode and the second electrode is V, a transmittance of light incident from an outside into a room in a first incident direction perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a vertical transmittance, and a transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room in a second incident direction not perpendicular to the second substrate is referred to as a first inclined transmittance, the first inclined transmittance is less than the vertical transmittance when V is not 0, and a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is not 0 is greater than a difference between the vertical transmittance and the first inclined transmittance when V is 0, and
- wherein the smart window further comprises:
- a first polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the first substrate facing away the second substrate;
- and
- a second polarizing plate disposed over a surface of the second substrate facing away the first substrate,
- wherein, the liquid crystal layer operates in a twisted nematic (TN) mode, the first direction is parallel to a surface of the second substrate in an outdoor direction, and is at an angle of 45° with a virtual straight line on which a virtual plane including the first incident direction and the second incident direction intersects with the surface of the second substrate in the outdoor direction, and when the first direction is expressed as a sum of a first auxiliary direction parallel to the virtual straight line and a second auxiliary direction perpendicular to the virtual straight line, and the second incident direction is expressed as a sum of a first sub-direction perpendicular to the second substrate and a second sub-direction parallel to the second substrate, the first auxiliary direction is opposite to the second sub-direction, the second auxiliary direction is a direction rotated clockwise from the first auxiliary direction when looking at the second substrate from the first substrate, and the second direction is a direction rotated 90° clockwise from the first direction when looking at the second substrate from the first substrate, and
- wherein a transmission axis of the first polarizing plate is parallel to the first direction, and a transmission axis of the second polarizing plate is parallel to the second direction.
9 more elements
A smart window for a vehicle comprising a smart window of clam 2, wherein a length of a first edge in the second sub-direction is shorter than a length of a second edge in a direction opposite to the second sub-direction.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.