Radar apparatus and automobile including the same

A radar apparatus comprising:

• a signal generator configured to generate a transmit signal subjected to shift keying to multiple frequencies;
• an array antenna configured to transmit signal waves, and to receive signal waves, wherein a beam of each of the transmit signal waves is inclined by an elevation/declination angle corresponding to one of the shift keyed frequencies of the transmit signal, and each of the receive signal waves is a reflection of a corresponding one of the transmit signal waves off a target;
• a mixer configured to convert frequencies of the transmit signal waves and the receive signal waves into intermediate frequencies;
• and
• a processor configured to:
• compute an elevation/declination angle of the target from the frequencies of the transmit signal waves,
• generating a plurality of multiplied signals by multiplying a voltage of each converted transmit signal wave with a voltage of a corresponding converted receive signal wave,
• calculate a distance to the target based on a phase difference between the multiplied signals, and
• calculate a relative velocity with respect to the target based on frequencies of the multiplied signals,
• wherein:
• each antenna of the array antenna is in a same plane,
• the array antenna comprises an antenna power supply point and a plurality of patch antenna devices connected to the antenna power supply point, the plurality of patch antenna devices being arranged linearly in a first direction, and
• each of the plurality of patch antenna devices has a different phase.