Modulators of telomere disease

A method of increasing telomerase RNA component (TERC) level or activity in a subject having dyskeratosis congenita, the method comprising:

• a) identifying the subject in need of increasing TERC level or activity;
• and
• b) administering to the subject an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a PAP Associated Domain Containing 5 (PAPD5) inhibitor, wherein the inhibitor is an shRNA comprising a sequence that corresponds to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
• 83,
• thereby increasing TERC level or activity in the subject,
• wherein the subject has a mutation at PARN, and
• wherein the subject has a deletion in PARN.