Multi-dimensional signal encoding

A transmitter comprising:

• at least one processor;
• and
• a data store coupled to the at least one processor having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform operations comprising:
• mapping data to symbols of a multi-dimensional constellation comprising at least two dimensions, the symbols of the constellation represented by a respective sets of coordinates that each include a first coordinate associated with a non-TM signal having a modulation signal, and a second coordinate associated with a phase or an amplitude of a transpositional modulation (TM) signal, wherein the second coordinate of each of the respective sets of coordinates is associated a phase value of the TM signal and a third coordinate of each of the respective sets of coordinates is associated an amplitude value of the TM signal;
• modulating a carrier signal with the non-TM signal and the TM signal.