A liquid crystal composition, comprising:
- at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by general formulae (C1) to (C3);
- a first dichroic dye of an azo compound A having a maximum absorption wavelength of 390 nm to 440 nm, the azo compound A represented by general formula (A);
- a second dichroic dye of an azo compound B having a maximum absorption wavelength of 490 nm to 540 nm, the azo compound B represented by the general formula (A);
- and
- a third dichroic dye of an azo compound C having a maximum absorption wavelength of 550 to 650 nm, the azo compound A represented by the general formula (A),
- wherein in the general formulae (C1) to (C3), Rd and Pe each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which the alkyl group may be a linear group or may have a methyl or ethyl branch and may have a three- to six-membered ring structure, in which any of —CH2— present in the alkyl group may be substituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CH═CF—, —CF═CH—, —CF═CF—, or and any hydrogen atom present in the group may be substituted with a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethoxy group;
- ring G, ring H, ring I and ring J each independently represent a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a trans-decahydronaphthalene-trans-2,6-diyl group, a 1,4-phenylene group that may be substituted with 1 or 2 fluorine atoms or methyl groups, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group that may be substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, a tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group that may be substituted with 1 or 2 fluorine atoms, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group that may be substituted with 1 or 2 fluorine atoms, a 1,3-dioxane-trans-2,5-diyl group, a pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, or a pyridine-2,5-diyl group;
- and
- Lg, Lh, and Li each independently represent a single bond, an ethylene group (—CH2CH2—), a 1,2-propylene group (—CH(CH3)CH2— and —CH2CH(CH3)—), a 1,4-butylene group, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCF2—, —CF2O—, —CH═CH—, —CH═CF—, —CF═CH—, —CF═CF—, or —CH═NN═CH—;
- wherein in the general formula (A), RA1 and RA2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a dialkylamino group in which alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms are bonded, where one —CH2— or two or more non-adjacent —CH2— in the alkyl group and the dialkylamino group may be each independently substituted with —O—, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— and hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group and the dialkylamino group may be substituted with fluorine atoms;
- X1 and X2 each independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —(CH2)4—, —OCH2—, —CH2O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCF2—, —CF2O—, —CH═N—N═CH—, —CH═CH—, or —CF═CF;
- and
- Ar1 and Ar3 each independently represent a group selected from groups consisting of formulae shown in List A-x below, where these groups may be each independently substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a cyano group, or a fluorine atom,
- wherein RA3 and RA4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
- Ar2 represents a group selected from groups consisting of formulae shown in List A-y below, where these groups may be each independently substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a cyano group, or a fluorine atom;
- p represents 0, 1, or 2, where when p represents 2 and a plurality of Ar1 and a plurality of X1 are present, the plurality of Ar1 may be the same or may be independently different from each other and the plurality of X1 may be the same or may be independently different from each other;
- and
- q represents 2 or 3, where Ar2 may be the same or may be independently different from each other,
- wherein a ratio of a content of the compound A, a content of the compound B, and a content of the compound C relative to a total amount of the dichroic dyes in the liquid crystal composition is A:B:C=10 to 60 wt %:10 to 60 wt %:10 to 60 wt %,
- wherein chromaticities x, y in the standard illuminant D65 are each adjusted to 0.310 to 0.370,
- wherein the liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni) of 90° C. or higher.